Rachana Jain
Published © Apache-2.0

L293D Motor Driver Shield with Arduino

In this tutorial, yo will learn about how to use an L293D motor driver shield with Arduino to control the speed and direction of rotation of

IntermediateFull instructions provided3 hours47
L293D Motor Driver Shield with Arduino

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Arduino UNO
Arduino UNO
×1
L293D Motor Driver Shield
×1
DC motor
×1
Push button
×1
POT 10kohn
×1
LCD 16x2
×1
Solderless Breadboard Full Size
Solderless Breadboard Full Size
×1
Jumper wires (generic)
Jumper wires (generic)
×1

Story

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Code

Arduino Code

Arduino
/* 
Interfacing DC Motor with Arduino UNO using L293D motor Driver shield
by www.playwithcircuit.com 
*/
#include <AFMotor.h>
  // Library to run DC Motor Using Motor Driver Shield  
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h> 
  // Library to Run I2C LCD
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2);  // Format -> (Address,Columns,Rows )
// Create the motor object connected to M3
AF_DCMotor motor(3);
// Define button pins
const int forwardButtonPin = A1;
const int reverseButtonPin = A2;
const int stopButtonPin    = A3;
// Define potentiometer pin
const int potPin = A0;
// Variables to store motor state and direction
bool motorRunning  = false;
int motorDirection = BACKWARD;  // FORWARD or BACKWARD
// Read the potentiometer value
int potValue;
int motorSpeed;
// Variable to store button states
bool forwardButtonState;
bool stopButtonState;
bool reverseButtonState;
// Inline function to check if button is pressed packed with debouncing logic
inline bool chkButtonState(int pinNum, int checkState, int debounceDelay) {
  if (((digitalRead(pinNum) == checkState) ? true : false) == true) {
    delay(debounceDelay);
    return (((digitalRead(pinNum) == checkState) ? (true) : (false)) == true);
  } else {
    return false;
  }
}
void setup() {
  // initialize the lcd
  lcd.init();
  // Turn on the Backlight
  lcd.backlight();
  // Clear the display buffer
  lcd.clear();
  // Set cursor (Column, Row)
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("DC Motor using");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print("L293D Shield");
  // Set button pins as inputs
  pinMode(forwardButtonPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(stopButtonPin   , INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(reverseButtonPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  // Start with motor off
  motor.setSpeed(0);
  motor.run(RELEASE);
  delay(2000);
  // Clear the display buffer
  lcd.clear();
  // Set cursor (Column, Row)
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Motor Direction:");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print("Stopped   ");
}
void loop() {
  // Read the potentiometer value for changing speed as per Analog input
  potValue   = analogRead(potPin);
  motorSpeed = map(potValue, 0, 1023, 0, 255);
  // Read the button states
  forwardButtonState = chkButtonState(forwardButtonPin, LOW, 20);
  reverseButtonState = chkButtonState(reverseButtonPin, LOW, 20);
  stopButtonState    = chkButtonState(stopButtonPin,    LOW, 20);
  // check for Forward run
  if (forwardButtonState && (!motorRunning || motorDirection == BACKWARD)) {
    // Set cursor (Column, Row)
    lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
    lcd.print("Clock   ");
    if (motorDirection == BACKWARD) {
      motor.setSpeed(0);
      motor.run(RELEASE);
      delay(1000);
    }
    motorRunning = true;
    motorDirection = FORWARD;
    motor.setSpeed(motorSpeed);
    motor.run(FORWARD);
  }
  
  // check for Reverse run
  else if (reverseButtonState && (!motorRunning || motorDirection == FORWARD)) {
    // Set cursor (Column, Row)
    lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
    lcd.print("Anti-Clk");
    if (motorDirection == FORWARD) {
      motor.setSpeed(0);
      motor.run(RELEASE);
      delay(1000);
    }
    motorRunning = true;
    motorDirection = BACKWARD;
    motor.setSpeed(motorSpeed);
    motor.run(BACKWARD);
  }
  
  // Stop motor
  else if (stopButtonState && motorRunning) {
    // Set cursor (Column, Row)
    lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
    lcd.print("Stopped         ");
    motorRunning = false;
    motor.setSpeed(0);
    motor.run(RELEASE);
  }
   
  // Adjust motor speed if running and display speed on LCD
  if (motorRunning) {
    motor.setSpeed(motorSpeed);
    // Set cursor (Column, Row)
    lcd.setCursor(9, 1);
    lcd.print("SPD:");
    lcd.print(((motorSpeed*100)/255));
    lcd.print("%  ");
  }
}

Credits

Rachana Jain
16 projects • 8 followers
I'm an avid Arduino and electronics enthusiast with a passion for tinkering, experimenting, and bringing innovative ideas to life.

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