NKTg Law Verification with 2022–2023 NASA Data

NKTg Law Verification with 2022–2023 NASA Data

Hi everyone,I’m Khanh Tung, an independent researcher. In this project, I’d like to share something a little different — a physics idea that started on paper, then became a testable method with real NASA data.

🔍 How it Began

For years, I’ve been fascinated with orbital mechanics — especially how mass, velocity, and position interact. One thing always bothered me: mass is often treated as constant, even though we know Earth loses mass due to atmospheric escape (like hydrogen drifting into space).

So I started experimenting with a new idea:What if we explicitly include mass variation in orbital dynamics?

That’s how the NKTg Law was born.

🧹 The Core Idea

The NKTg Law introduces two quantities:

NKTg₁ = x·pA simple interaction between distance x and momentum p = m·v

NKTg₂ = (dm/dt)·pA dynamic term accounting for mass loss per second (dm/dt) and momentum

These aren’t just abstract formulas — they seem to stay nearly stable over time, even when mass changes.

🔬 Testing the Idea

To verify it, I used publicly available Earth data from:

NASA JPL Horizons for position and velocity

NASA Earth fact sheet for mass

NASA climate science for atmospheric escape rates (~50 million kg/year)

I focused on data from 2022, then used the NKTg Law to predict values for 2023.

📊 What I Found

Earth’s mass loss is gradual but real (~1.42 million kg per quarter)

To keep NKTg₁ stable, if mass m and momentum p decrease, distance x increases slightly

Velocity v drops just a little — about 0.001 km/s, matching expectations from the formulas

Incredibly, the predicted values for 2023 closely match observed trends, despite not using any 2023 measurements.

🌐 Beyond Earth?

Yes — the NKTg Law seems to apply to other planets too. I ran the same formulas on Mars, Venus, and even gas giants like Jupiter — and the patterns of NKTg₁ and NKTg₂ consistency show up again.

🛠 Try It Yourself

All data sources are public. If you're into:

Orbital simulations

Planetary dynamics

Physics models based on real data

...you can reproduce all calculations using a simple Python notebook and:

NASA Horizons API

Planetary fact sheets

The basic formulas for p = m·v, NKTg₁ = x·p, and NKTg₂ = (dm/dt)·p

💭 Final Thoughts

The NKTg Law is a simple but powerful model, offering predictive accuracy using real physics and actual data. It introduces a new way to think about inertia, mass loss, and orbital dynamics — one that classical Newtonian frameworks may not fully capture.

I’d love to hear your thoughts — or better yet, see your own experiments with NKTg applied to Mars, Jupiter, or even exoplanets.

🛠️ Hardware Components

Optional for visualization/demo purposes

Raspberry Pi 4 (for offline orbital dashboard)

HDMI display or small TFT screen

3D printed model of Earth orbit (for classrooms)

💻 Software, OSs and Online Services

Jupyter Notebook (via Anaconda or standalone)

Python 3.10+

NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib

NASA JPL Horizons

NASA Planetary Mass Data

Climate/Nature databases on atmospheric escape

🛠️ Hand Tools and Fabrication Machines

Only if building physical demos

3D printer

Laser cutter

Screwdrivers, glue, cutters

👨‍💻 Code

nktg_interpolation.ipynb — core notebook for mass and momentum calculation

earth_grace_mass_loss.py — comparison with GRACE satellite data

nktg_formula_utils.py — helper functions for NKTg₁ and NKTg₂

All Python 3 compatible. GitHub repo coming soon.

📊 Schematics and Circuit Diagrams

Theoretical-only project. But if visualized as an orbit simulator:

Use Fritzing to wire up LEDs representing Earth positions per quarter

Simple circuits can be designed to display mass loss trend over time

📊 CAD - Enclosures and Custom Parts

earth_orbit_ring.stl (orbit model)

mass_loss_marker.stl (sliding weight for dm/dt visualization)

nktg_panel_label.svg (for laser engraving or 3D front panel)

Created with Fusion 360 or FreeCAD