Published March 15, 2026 © MIT

ESP32 Smart Public Toilet Monitoring System

ESP32-based smart system that monitors public toilet hygiene, odor, and water level in real time.

BeginnerFull instructions provided8 hours45

ESP32 Smart Public Toilet Monitoring System

Things used in this project

Software apps and online services

Arduino IDE

Story

🚻 Smart Public Toilet Monitor (IoT Cleanliness Monitoring System)

Overview

Smart Public Toilet Monitor एक IoT based monitoring system है जो public toilets की cleanliness, odor level, usage frequency और water availability को monitor करता है।

यह system ESP32 microcontroller और multiple sensors का उपयोग करता है।

System real-time data collect करता है और maintenance staff को alerts भेज सकता है।

इससे public sanitation system को smart और efficient बनाया जा सकता है।

Things used in this project

Hardware components

ESP32 Development Board

ESP32 Development Board

Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04)

Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04)

MQ135 Gas Sensor

MQ135 Gas Sensor

Water Level Sensor

Water Level Sensor

PIR Motion Sensor

PIR Motion Sensor

Buzzer Module

Buzzer Module

Power Supply

Power Supply

Software apps and online services

Arduino IDE

Arduino IDE

ESP32 Board Package

ESP32 Board Package

WiFi Library

WiFi Library

MQTT / Firebase

MQTT / Firebase

Mobile App / Web Dashboard

Mobile App / Web Dashboard

🌍 1️⃣ Introduction

Public toilets में अक्सर कई problems होती हैं:

❌ Toilets गंदे रहते हैं❌ Bad smell आती है❌ Water tank empty हो जाता है❌ Maintenance staff को cleaning requirement का पता नहीं चलता

इन problems को solve करने के लिए हमने बनाया:

🚻 Smart Public Toilet Monitoring System

यह system automatically monitor करता है:

✔ Toilet usage✔ Odor level✔ Water level✔ Cleaning requirement

💡 2️⃣ System Overview

Smart Public Toilet Monitor एक IoT based system है जो sensors का उपयोग करके toilet condition monitor करता है।

System sensors से data collect करता है और ESP32 microcontroller उसे process करता है।

Data internet के माध्यम से dashboard या mobile app में दिखाई देता है।

🧰 3️⃣ Required Hardware

3.1 ESP32 (Main Controller)

ESP32 system का main controller है।

यह सभी sensors से data read करता है और WiFi के माध्यम से cloud या dashboard पर भेजता है।

Features:

✔ Built-in WiFi✔ Fast processing✔ Multiple GPIO pins

3.2 Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04)

Ultrasonic sensor distance measure करता है।

इस project में इसका use होता है:

✔ Toilet occupancy detect करने के लिए✔ Usage monitoring के लिए

3.3 MQ135 Gas Sensor (Odor Detection)

MQ135 gas sensor air quality detect करता है।

यह detect करता है:

✔ Ammonia✔ Harmful gases✔ Bad odor

अगर gas level high हो जाए तो cleaning alert generate किया जा सकता है।

3.4 Water Level Sensor

Water level sensor water tank का level detect करता है।

System detect करता है:

✔ Tank full✔ Tank low✔ Tank empty

3.5 PIR Motion Sensor

PIR sensor human movement detect करता है।

इससे पता चलता है:

✔ Toilet usage✔ Entry / exit detection

3.6 Buzzer Module

Buzzer alert generate करता है जब:

✔ Odor level high हो✔ Water tank empty हो✔ Cleaning required हो

🔌 4️⃣ Circuit Diagram

Circuit diagram में ESP32 के साथ multiple sensors connect किए जाते हैं।

Sensors data collect करते हैं और ESP32 उसे process करके monitoring system को भेजता है।

🔗 5️⃣ Wiring Table

Ultrasonic Sensor → ESP32

VCC → 5VGND → GNDTRIG → GPIO 5ECHO → GPIO 18

MQ135 Gas Sensor → ESP32

VCC → 5VGND → GNDAO → GPIO 34

PIR Motion Sensor → ESP32

VCC → 5VGND → GNDOUT → GPIO 27

Water Level Sensor → ESP32

VCC → 3.3VGND → GNDSignal → GPIO 35

Buzzer → ESP32

Positive → GPIO 26Negative → GND

💻 6️⃣ Software Used

1️⃣ Arduino IDE2️⃣ ESP32 Board Package3️⃣ WiFi Library4️⃣ MQTT / Firebase5️⃣ IoT Dashboard

⚙️ 7️⃣ Working Logic

System का working process:

1️⃣ PIR sensor motion detect करता है2️⃣ Ultrasonic sensor toilet usage detect करता है3️⃣ MQ135 gas sensor odor level check करता है4️⃣ Water level sensor tank monitor करता है5️⃣ ESP32 data process करता है6️⃣ System alerts generate करता है

🚀 8️⃣ Key Features

✔ Smart toilet monitoring✔ Real-time odor detection✔ Water level monitoring✔ Automatic alerts✔ Smart city integration

🏙 9️⃣ Applications

✔ Smart cities✔ Railway stations✔ Bus stations✔ Shopping malls✔ Public parks✔ Government buildings

📈 SEO Keywords

Smart toilet monitoring systemIoT sanitation monitoring systemESP32 smart toilet projectpublic toilet monitoring systemIoT hygiene monitoring system

📞 Project Support

Complete project support available.

📲 WhatsApp / Call+91 9336183481

🏁 Conclusion

Smart Public Toilet Monitoring System public sanitation को बेहतर बनाने में मदद करता है।

Benefits:

✔ Improved hygiene✔ Water monitoring✔ Smart maintenance system✔ Smart city infrastructure support

🚻 IoT technology public sanitation system को smart बना सकती है।

🚻 ESP32 Smart Public Toilet Monitoring System – Complete Code

// --------------------------------------------
// Smart Public Toilet Monitoring System
// ESP32 + PIR + MQ135 + Water Sensor + Buzzer
// --------------------------------------------

#include <WiFi.h>

// WiFi Credentials
const char* ssid = "YOUR_WIFI_NAME";
const char* password = "YOUR_WIFI_PASSWORD";

// Pin Configuration
#define PIR_PIN 27
#define GAS_SENSOR 34
#define WATER_SENSOR 35
#define BUZZER_PIN 26

// Threshold Values
int gasThreshold = 2000;
int waterThreshold = 500;

// Variables
int motionValue;
int gasValue;
int waterValue;

void setup()
{
  Serial.begin(115200);

  pinMode(PIR_PIN, INPUT);
  pinMode(BUZZER_PIN, OUTPUT);

  digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN, LOW);

  // WiFi Connection
  Serial.println("Connecting to WiFi...");

  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);

  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED)
  {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }

  Serial.println("");
  Serial.println("WiFi Connected");
  Serial.print("IP Address: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());

  Serial.println("Smart Public Toilet Monitoring System Started");
}

void loop()
{

  // Read Sensors
  motionValue = digitalRead(PIR_PIN);
  gasValue = analogRead(GAS_SENSOR);
  waterValue = analogRead(WATER_SENSOR);

  Serial.println("----------- SENSOR DATA -----------");

  Serial.print("Motion Status: ");
  Serial.println(motionValue);

  Serial.print("Gas Level: ");
  Serial.println(gasValue);

  Serial.print("Water Level: ");
  Serial.println(waterValue);

  // Odor Detection
  if (gasValue > gasThreshold)
  {
    Serial.println("⚠ Bad Odor Detected - Cleaning Required");
    digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN, HIGH);
  }
  else
  {
    digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN, LOW);
  }

  // Water Level Check
  if (waterValue < waterThreshold)
  {
    Serial.println("⚠ Water Tank Low - Refill Required");
  }
  else
  {
    Serial.println("Water Level OK");
  }

  // Motion Detection
  if (motionValue == HIGH)
  {
    Serial.println("Toilet In Use");
  }
  else
  {
    Serial.println("No User Detected");
  }

  Serial.println("-----------------------------------");

  delay(3000);
}