Step 1: What Is Night Pollution and How It Measure
Step 2: BOM
Step 3: Circuit
Step 4: HTU21D Sensor
Step 5: TSL2591
Step 6: Code
Step 7: Measure

Published July 19, 2019 © CC BY

Portable Weather Station for Night Sky Observers

Night sky light pollution detector.

IntermediateFull instructions provided2 hours759

Portable Weather Station for Night Sky Observers

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Wemos D1 Mini

TSL2591

HTU21D

OLED 0.96

18650 Battery

Battery holder

TP4056

Breadbord and dupont cables

Red Switch (Jumpers)

Red tape

Software apps and online services

Arduino IDE

Hand tools and fabrication machines

Prusa 3D printer

Story

Light pollution is one of many problems in world. For solve that problem, we need to know how much is night sky polluted with artificial light. Many students with teachers in world try to measure light pollution with expensive sensors. I decided to change my portable luxmeter (for more check previous tutorials project Portable Luxmeter ) to weather station with TSL2591 sensor. This sensor is sensitive enough for measure night pollution. Also, I add HTU21D for temperature and humidity measure.

Step 1: What Is Night Pollution and How It Measure

Night pollution is light from lamps, cars, houses, huge lcd panels in city and every light made by human. That light call artificial. For observers, artificial light is main problem to see stars from city, and they must go outside city. For human, high light pollution is harmful. And also for trees, grass and animals.

For checking light pollution of your place, you can see here lightpollutionmap

It is only model, and real values can vary. That's why I created that luxmeter.

For measure light pollution, I measure only lux and calculate magnitude/ arsec2.

I can calculate from lux to candela per suqare meters :

1 cd/m2 = 1 lux

Magnitude per square arcsecond (mag/arcsec2) describe night sky background (it calls surface brightness).

Step 2: BOM

I create own case and I use breadboard with dupont cables as you can see.

I use TP4056 for charging battery with USB cable. I prefer Wemos D1 Mini, because later I can save values to internal memory or send them to Thingspeak.

Most observers need also information about temperature and humidity, so I add HTU21D sensor. For display values, I use OLED 0.96.

Most important sensor, is TSL2591 as very sensitive detector of light.

Step 3: Circuit

Connect all i2c modules (TSL2591, OLED, HTU21D) to SCL and SDA pins on wemos (SDA -> D2, SCL -> D1).

Power them with 3.3 V from wemos.

Connect plus terminal of battery to 5V pin on wemos and battery + pin on tp4056 charging module to plus terminal on battery.

Connect all grounds together.

Step 4: HTU21D Sensor

I buy new temperature sensor, which measure with accuracy 0.3 °C !

Things you should know about this sensor ( from sparkfun):

Uses the I2C interface
Typical humidity accuracy of ±2%
Typical temperature accuracy of ±0.3 °C
Operates from 0 to 100% humidity but this sensor isn’t recommended for harsh environments where it could come in contact with water (such as rain).
3.3V sensor - use inline logic level converters or 10k resistors to limit 5V signals
Only one HTU21D sensor can reside on the I2C bus at a time

My summary: it is good sensor, because it measure with accuracy 0.3 °C and both - temperature and humidity. Pros is I2C interference and cons 3.3V, but it doesn't matter in my case.

Step 5: TSL2591

This sensor is good for measure night sky pollution because of it sensitivity (to 188 micro lux!).

1. are diodes with possible ir and full measure.

2. voltage regulator from 5V to 3.3 V

Chip specifications (from adafruit):

Approximates Human eye Response
Extremely wide dynamic range 1 to 600, 000, 000 Counts
Lux Range: 188 uLux sensitivity, up to 88, 000 Lux input measurements.
Temperature range: -30 to 80 *C
Voltage range: 3.3-5V into on board regulator
Interface: I2C
This board/chip uses I2C 7-bit address 0x29 (fixed)
Dimensions: 19mm x 16mm x 1mm /.75" x.63" x.04"Weight: 1.1g
2 diodes for measure both - IR and Full spectrum

Summary:

188 uLux is perferct, also I2C communication is simple. Maybe problem can be fixed I2C adress (0x29). Also on board regulator is good and possible to use sensor during winter (frost).

Step 6: Code

You need these libraries (I add them to one zip file):

Adafruit-GFX-Library-master
adafruit_gfx_library_master
Adafruit_HTU21DF_Library-master
Adafruit_Sensor-master
Adafruit_TSL2591_Library-master

Code : you can use mine, or create own. Don't forget to set maximal integration time (600 MS) and gain to max (GAIN_MAX) for night sky measure.

I use loading image of moon just for fun. You can use any, just use this page for get array: http://javl.github.io/image2cpp/

Step 7: Measure

For turn on/off I use dip jumper.

For daylight, TSL2591 shows 0 and mag/arcsec2 is nan, because sensor is saturated.

For night sky should TSL2591 show from 0 to 1000 000 microlux (ulux) and corresponding mag/arcsec2

(cca. 14 to 22 mag/arsec2).

For full moon I measured 50k ulux which is 0.05 lux.

Code

//https://lastminuteengineers.com/oled-display-arduino-tutorial/<br>//http://javl.github.io/image2cpp/
// mcd to magnitude <a href="http://unihedron.com/projects/darksky/magconv.php?ACTION=SOLVEMAGS&txtCDM2=0.1" rel="nofollow"> http://unihedron.com/projects/darksky/magconv.php...</a>
// The HD44780 is a controller for character-based liquid crystal displays (LCDs).  <a href="https://www.quinapalus.com/hd44780udg.html" rel="nofollow"> http://unihedron.com/projects/darksky/magconv.php...</a>

#include <Wire.h><p>#include <Fonts/FreeSerif9pt7b.h></p>#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include "Adafruit_HTU21DF.h"
#include "Adafruit_TSL2591.h" 
int counter;

// OLED display TWI address
#define OLED_ADDR   0x3C
Adafruit_SSD1306 display(-1);  // - 1 for restart display with restart button on arduino board
Adafruit_HTU21DF htu = Adafruit_HTU21DF();
Adafruit_TSL2591 tsl = Adafruit_TSL2591(2591); // pass in a number for the sensor identifier (for your use later)


uint32_t lum;
uint16_t ir, full;
int ulux;
float lux;
float temp;
float rel_hum;
float mag_arcsec2; // visual mags/arcsecond² [value in mag/arcsec2]  =   Log10([value in cd/m2]/108000)/-0.4

// symbols
// degree for Celsius
const unsigned char degree [] PROGMEM = 
{
0xe,0x11,0x11,0x11,0xe,0x0,0x0,0x0
};

// exponent 2
const unsigned char exponent [] PROGMEM = 
{
0xe,0x1b,0x3,0x6,0xc,0x18,0x1f,0x0
};

// 'moon_logo', 128x64px
const unsigned char intro [] PROGMEM = {
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc1, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0xff, 0xfd, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x01, 0xff, 0xfd, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x03, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x07, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x07, 0xff, 0xf8, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xf0, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x0f, 0xff, 0x77, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x80, 0x1f, 0xbe, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x80, 0x1f, 0xcc, 0xff, 0xff, 0x8f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xc0, 0xff, 0xff, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xc0, 0xff, 0xff, 0x8f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xe0, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x3f, 0x80, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x3f, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xf1, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xf9, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xfb, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x18, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x60, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xef, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe7, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe1, 0xe7, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x07, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x18, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x38, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x48, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x80, 0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0xc4, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x60, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x80, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0xf0, 0x03, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x07, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0xe3, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x01, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf1, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x43, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfb, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x4f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfb, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x5f, 0xff, 0xff, 0x03, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0x87, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x03, 0xff, 0xff, 0xcf, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x01, 0xff, 0xff, 0xb7, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x01, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x03, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x01, 0x0f, 0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x01, 0xfe, 0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x80, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x80, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x03, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x01, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfd, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xf3, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xc7, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfc, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x01, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff
};

void setup() {

  // htu21d
  htu.begin();

 // tsl2591
  sensor_t sensor;
  tsl.getSensor(&sensor);
  tsl.setGain(TSL2591_GAIN_MAX);  // MAX, HIGH MED,LOW,
  tsl.setTiming(TSL2591_INTEGRATIONTIME_600MS); // 100MS, 200 MS, 300MS, 400MS,500MS, 600MS

  // setup for oled display
  display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, OLED_ADDR);
  display.clearDisplay();
  display.display();
  display.drawBitmap(0, 0,  intro, 128, 64, WHITE);
  display.display();
  delay(1000);
  display.setTextSize(1);
  display.setTextColor(WHITE);
  display.setFont(&FreeSerif9pt7b);
  display.clearDisplay();

}

void loop() {
  
  lux = 0;
  ulux =0;
  mag_arcsec2=0;
  temp=0;
  rel_hum=0;
  
  delay(100);
  lum = tsl.getFullLuminosity();
  ir = lum >> 16;
  full = lum & 0xFFFF;
  delay(100);
  lux = tsl.calculateLux(full, ir);  // light intensiti in microlux
  ulux= lux*1000000;
  if (ulux<0)
  {
    ulux=0;
  }

 mag_arcsec2 = log10(lux/108000)/-0.4;  //(log((ulux/108000) ) /(-0.4)
  temp = htu.readTemperature();
  rel_hum = htu.readHumidity();
  
  display_values();

}

void display_values()
{
  //display.drawPixel(120, 50, WHITE);
  display.clearDisplay();
  display.setCursor(1, 15);
  display.print(temp);
  display.drawBitmap(42, 2,  degree, 8,5 , WHITE);
  display.setCursor(50, 15);
  display.print("C");
  display.setCursor(70, 15);
  display.print(rel_hum);
  display.setCursor(114, 15);
  display.print("%");
  display.drawLine(1, 20, 127, 20, WHITE);
  display.drawLine(67, 1, 67, 20, WHITE);
  display.setCursor(1, 35); 
  display.print("ulux =");
  display.setCursor(50, 35);
  display.print(ulux);
  display.setCursor(1, 55);
  display.print("mag/arsec");
  display.drawBitmap(70, 45,  exponent, 8,8 , WHITE);
  display.setCursor(83, 55);
  display.print(mag_arcsec2);
  display.display();
}

//https://lastminuteengineers.com/oled-display-arduino-tutorial/
//http://javl.github.io/image2cpp/
// mcd to magnitude http://unihedron.com/projects/darksky/magconv.php?ACTION=SOLVEMAGS&txtCDM2=0.1
// The HD44780 is a controller for character-based liquid crystal displays (LCDs).  https://www.quinapalus.com/hd44780udg.html
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include <Fonts/FreeSerif9pt7b.h>
#include "Adafruit_HTU21DF.h"
#include <Adafruit_Sensor.h>
#include "Adafruit_TSL2591.h" 
int counter;


// OLED display TWI address
#define OLED_ADDR   0x3C
Adafruit_SSD1306 display(-1);  // - 1 for restart display with restart button on arduino board

Adafruit_HTU21DF htu = Adafruit_HTU21DF();




Adafruit_TSL2591 tsl = Adafruit_TSL2591(2591); // pass in a number for the sensor identifier (for your use later)

uint32_t lum;
uint16_t ir, full;
int ulux;
float lux;
float temp;
float rel_hum;
float mag_arcsec2; // visual mags/arcsecond [value in mag/arcsec2]  =   Log10([value in cd/m2]/108000)/-0.4

// symbols
// degree for Celsius
const unsigned char degree [] PROGMEM = 
{
0xe,0x11,0x11,0x11,0xe,0x0,0x0,0x0
};

// exponent 2
const unsigned char exponent [] PROGMEM = 
{
0xe,0x1b,0x3,0x6,0xc,0x18,0x1f,0x0
};

// 'moon_logo', 128x64px
const unsigned char intro [] PROGMEM = {
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc1, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0xff, 0xfd, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x01, 0xff, 0xfd, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x03, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x07, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x07, 0xff, 0xf8, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xf0, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x0f, 0xff, 0x77, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x80, 0x1f, 0xbe, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x80, 0x1f, 0xcc, 0xff, 0xff, 0x8f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xc0, 0xff, 0xff, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xc0, 0xff, 0xff, 0x8f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xe0, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x3f, 0x80, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x3f, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xf1, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xf9, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xfb, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x18, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x60, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xef, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe7, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe1, 0xe7, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x07, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x18, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x38, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x48, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x80, 0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0xc4, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x60, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x80, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0xf0, 0x03, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x07, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0xe3, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x01, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf1, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x43, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfb, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x4f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfb, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x5f, 0xff, 0xff, 0x03, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0x87, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x03, 0xff, 0xff, 0xcf, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x01, 0xff, 0xff, 0xb7, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x01, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x03, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x01, 0x0f, 0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x01, 0xfe, 0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x80, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x80, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x03, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x01, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfd, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xf3, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xc7, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfc, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x01, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 
  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff
};

void setup() {

  // htu21d
  htu.begin();

  // tsl2591
  sensor_t sensor;
  tsl.getSensor(&sensor);
  
  display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, OLED_ADDR);
  display.clearDisplay();
  display.display();
  display.drawBitmap(0, 0,  intro, 128, 64, WHITE);
  display.display();
  delay(1000);
  // display a line of text
  display.setTextSize(1);
  display.setTextColor(WHITE);
  display.setFont(&FreeSerif9pt7b);
  display.clearDisplay();

}

void loop() {
  
  ulux = 0;
  tsl.setGain(TSL2591_GAIN_MAX);
  tsl.setTiming(TSL2591_INTEGRATIONTIME_600MS);
  delay(100);
  lum = tsl.getFullLuminosity();
  ir = lum >> 16;
  full = lum & 0xFFFF;
  delay(100);
  lux = tsl.calculateLux(full, ir);  // light intensiti in microlux
  ulux= lux*1000000;
  if (ulux<0)
  {
    ulux=0;
  }


  
  mag_arcsec2 = log10(lux/108000)/-0.4;  //(log((ulux/108000) ) /(-0.4)
  temp = htu.readTemperature();
  rel_hum = htu.readHumidity();
  
  display_values();


}

void display_values()
{
  //display.drawPixel(120, 50, WHITE);
  display.clearDisplay();
  display.setCursor(1, 15);
  display.print(temp);
  display.drawBitmap(42, 2,  degree, 8,5 , WHITE);
  display.setCursor(50, 15);
  display.print("C");
  display.setCursor(70, 15);
  display.print(rel_hum);
  display.setCursor(114, 15);
  display.print("%");
  display.drawLine(1, 20, 127, 20, WHITE);
  display.drawLine(67, 1, 67, 20, WHITE);
  display.setCursor(1, 35); 
  display.print("ulux =");
  display.setCursor(50, 35);
  display.print(ulux);
  display.setCursor(1, 55);
  display.print("mag/arsec");
  display.drawBitmap(70, 45,  exponent, 8,8 , WHITE);
  display.setCursor(83, 55);
  display.print(mag_arcsec2);
  display.display();
}

Credits

Michal Choma

1 project • 0 followers

Portable Weather Station for Night Sky Observers

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Software apps and online services

Hand tools and fabrication machines

Story

Step 1: What Is Night Pollution and How It Measure

Step 2: BOM

Step 3: Circuit

Step 4: HTU21D Sensor

Step 5: TSL2591

Step 6: Code

Step 7: Measure

Schematics

Circuit

Code

portable_weatherstation_for_astronomers.ino

Code snippet #1

Code

Credits

Michal Choma

Comments

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Portable Weather Station for Night Sky Observers

Portable Weather Station for Night Sky Observers

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Software apps and online services

Hand tools and fabrication machines

Story

Step 1: What Is Night Pollution and How It Measure

Step 2: BOM

Step 3: Circuit

Step 4: HTU21D Sensor

Step 5: TSL2591

Step 6: Code

Step 7: Measure

Schematics

Circuit

Code

portable_weatherstation_for_astronomers.ino

Code snippet #1

Code

Credits

Michal Choma

Comments

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