Hephaestus :OneM2M infrastructure for fire Detection & Alarm

0. Acknowledgment

This project has been developed in the context of the KETI International oneM2M Hackathon 2021.

https://www.keti.re.kr/eng/main/main.php

We would like to thank Keti and all organizers of the OneM2M Hackathon.

Our team is part of the bachelors technical degree called LP IOTIA from the IUT Côte d'Azur /University Nice Côte d'Azur.

We also would like to express our gratitude to the University of Nice Côte D'azur and in particular our professor Ms Marie-Agnès Peraldi-Frati for giving us the opportunity to carry out our project.

1. Issue and IOT solution

1.1. The problem

Forest fires are a big concern for the environment, they are simultaneous causes and consequences of global warming. Indeed, forest fires increase carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere, contributing to the greenhouse effect and climate change. In addition, ashes destroy much of the nutrients and erode the soil, causing flooding and landslides.

Not to mention the lives and possessions that are lost each year due to the extreme blazes.

Detecting and alerting is crucial to the quick intervention of the fire brigade.

1.2. The solution

Providing text alerts to the fire brigades based in the surrounding area of detected fires along with a generated map and optimised route path to the position and accessible water points (pools, lakes, hydrants) near by.

1.3. How it works

Using the technology from the Hephaestus: OneM2M infrastructure for fire prevention project, we can add features such as text alerts and the route to the fire.

If a fire is detected, a request to retest will be sent to avoid false positives. If the result comes back positive, the fire will be created on the map and the fastest route from brigade to fire will be sent in an SMS alert.

The intervals of data transmission from all sensor nodes connected to the gateway which detected the fire will reduce from 5min to 0.5seconds to obtain the evolution of the fire in real-time.

2. High-level architecture

3. Prerequisites

The following tools are required to run this demonstration:

• Download nodeJS and npm.
• Follow the OneM2M infrastructure for fire prevention project to set up sensor nodes (https://www.hackster.io/iotia-1/hephaestus-onem2m-infrastructure-for-fire-prevention-d5195f)

4. Download the project

Download the necessary resources from the main repository :

https://github.com/diallorg/Projet-HackathonOneM2M2021

You will also need an implementation of the oneM2M platform.

5. Fire alert

In Hephaestus: OneM2M infrastructure for fire prevention project we have already implemented the sensor nodes that detects high temperature and fire by the way of flame sensors. When a fire is detected an alarm must be sent to the fire station via sms and the path from the fire station to the fire center is calculed and sent to the fire station. The path shows the fastest route from brigade to fire in an SMS alert.

The flame sensors on nodes the create an "ON" Content Instance in the "flame-sensor" container, and the code regarding the flame alerts are all in order.

This will allow the server to be notified when a fire is detected and activate the alert.

In Hephaestus: OneM2M infrastructure for fire prevention part 8, ensure that fire-server/routes/inReceivers/flame.js exists. This file saves the last flame property of the application entity in the database and executes a python script that sends a text message.

/fire-server/routes/fires.js listens to the requests on /fires, then returns a table of all the fires.

6. SMS Sending

The Sim900 module is a module for sending SMS. It behaves like a cell phone. To do this, we need :

• a Raspberry PI with an SD Card and Rasbian OS
• a SIM900 SMS module
• a SIM card, preferably including unlimited sending of SMS

On an event of a fire alert generated by the fire server, a message is send to a firefighter who can go directly to the scene of the alert to be able to act in time in the event of a fire.

6.1. Hardware installation of the GSM Board

You must first connect the SIM900 module to the Raspberry PI as shown above. After we will have to install the Rasbian OS on the Raspberry and after the installation, we must program the sending of SMS in python with Python 3. You will be able to preview the code in the SMS sending branch.

6.2. Download the code

The sms code is in https://github.com/diallorg/Projet-HackathonOneM2M2021/tree/main/sms-sending

6.2. Start the code

• This code is called by the fireserver when a fire is detected.
• When started the code, send a message to a preconfigurer mobile phone number and a few seconds later, the message will indeed be received by the recipient (firefighter in our case) and will be able to go to the alert location.

7. Demonstration