gulshan mishra
Published

Ultrasonic Sensor Radar

Make a simple and cool ultrasonic radar using Arduino, an HC-SR04 sensor and a SG90 servo motor.

IntermediateFull instructions provided30 minutes9,153
Ultrasonic Sensor Radar

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Arduino UNO
Arduino UNO
×1
Ultrasonic Sensor - HC-SR04 (Generic)
Ultrasonic Sensor - HC-SR04 (Generic)
×1
SG90 Micro-servo motor
SG90 Micro-servo motor
×1
Male/Male Jumper Wires
×1

Software apps and online services

Arduino IDE
Arduino IDE
Processing
The Processing Foundation Processing

Story

Read more

Schematics

connections

Code

aurdino code

C/C++
please do remember the "com" port to which you are connecting your Arduino. it will be needed in the Processing 3.5.3 where I have mentioned it.
#include <Servo.h>. 
// Defines Tirg and Echo pins of the Ultrasonic Sensor
const int trigPin = 10;
const int echoPin = 11;
// Variables for the duration and the distance
long duration;
int distance;
Servo myServo; // Creates a servo object for controlling the servo motor
void setup() {
  pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT); // Sets the trigPin as an Output
  pinMode(echoPin, INPUT); // Sets the echoPin as an Input
  Serial.begin(9600);
  myServo.attach(12); // Defines on which pin is the servo motor attached
}
void loop() {
  // rotates the servo motor from 15 to 165 degrees
  for(int i=15;i<=165;i++){  
  myServo.write(i);
  delay(30);
  distance = calculateDistance();// Calls a function for calculating the distance measured by the Ultrasonic sensor for each degree
  
  Serial.print(i); // Sends the current degree into the Serial Port
  Serial.print(","); // Sends addition character right next to the previous value needed later in the Processing IDE for indexing
  Serial.print(distance); // Sends the distance value into the Serial Port
  Serial.print("."); // Sends addition character right next to the previous value needed later in the Processing IDE for indexing
  }
  // Repeats the previous lines from 165 to 15 degrees
  for(int i=165;i>15;i--){  
  myServo.write(i);
  delay(30);
  distance = calculateDistance();
  Serial.print(i);
  Serial.print(",");
  Serial.print(distance);
  Serial.print(".");
  }
}
// Function for calculating the distance measured by the Ultrasonic sensor
int calculateDistance(){ 
  
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW); 
  delayMicroseconds(2);
  // Sets the trigPin on HIGH state for 10 micro seconds
  digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH); 
  delayMicroseconds(10);
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
  duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH); // Reads the echoPin, returns the sound wave travel time in microseconds
  distance= duration*0.034/2;
  return distance;
}

Processing Code

C/C++
import processing.serial.*; // imports library for serial communication
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; // imports library for reading the data from the serial port
import java.io.IOException;
Serial myPort; // defines Object Serial
// defubes variables
String angle="";
String distance="";
String data="";
String noObject;
float pixsDistance;
int iAngle, iDistance;
int index1=0;
int index2=0;
PFont orcFont;
void setup() {

  size (1200, 700); // ***CHANGE THIS TO YOUR SCREEN RESOLUTION***
  smooth();
  myPort = new Serial(this, "COM3", 9600); // starts the serial communication
  myPort.bufferUntil('.'); // reads the data from the serial port up to the character '.'. So actually it reads this: angle,distance.
}
void draw() {

  fill(98, 245, 31);
  // simulating motion blur and slow fade of the moving line
  noStroke();
  fill(0, 4); 
  rect(0, 0, width, height-height*0.065); 

  fill(98, 245, 31); // green color
  // calls the functions for drawing the radar
  drawRadar(); 
  drawLine();
  drawObject();
  drawText();
}
void serialEvent (Serial myPort) { // starts reading data from the Serial Port
  // reads the data from the Serial Port up to the character '.' and puts it into the String variable "data".
  data = myPort.readStringUntil('.');
  data = data.substring(0, data.length()-1);

  index1 = data.indexOf(","); // find the character ',' and puts it into the variable "index1"
  angle= data.substring(0, index1); // read the data from position "0" to position of the variable index1 or thats the value of the angle the Arduino Board sent into the Serial Port
  distance= data.substring(index1+1, data.length()); // read the data from position "index1" to the end of the data pr thats the value of the distance

  // converts the String variables into Integer
  iAngle = int(angle);
  iDistance = int(distance);
}
void drawRadar() {
  pushMatrix();
  translate(width/2, height-height*0.074); // moves the starting coordinats to new location
  noFill();
  strokeWeight(2);
  stroke(98, 245, 31);
  // draws the arc lines
  arc(0, 0, (width-width*0.0625), (width-width*0.0625), PI, TWO_PI);
  arc(0, 0, (width-width*0.27), (width-width*0.27), PI, TWO_PI);
  arc(0, 0, (width-width*0.479), (width-width*0.479), PI, TWO_PI);
  arc(0, 0, (width-width*0.687), (width-width*0.687), PI, TWO_PI);
  // draws the angle lines
  line(-width/2, 0, width/2, 0);
  line(0, 0, (-width/2)*cos(radians(30)), (-width/2)*sin(radians(30)));
  line(0, 0, (-width/2)*cos(radians(60)), (-width/2)*sin(radians(60)));
  line(0, 0, (-width/2)*cos(radians(90)), (-width/2)*sin(radians(90)));
  line(0, 0, (-width/2)*cos(radians(120)), (-width/2)*sin(radians(120)));
  line(0, 0, (-width/2)*cos(radians(150)), (-width/2)*sin(radians(150)));
  line((-width/2)*cos(radians(30)), 0, width/2, 0);
  popMatrix();
}
void drawObject() {
  pushMatrix();
  translate(width/2, height-height*0.074); // moves the starting coordinats to new location
  strokeWeight(9);
  stroke(255, 10, 10); // red color
  pixsDistance = iDistance*((height-height*0.1666)*0.025); // covers the distance from the sensor from cm to pixels
  // limiting the range to 40 cms
  if (iDistance<40) {
    // draws the object according to the angle and the distance
    line(pixsDistance*cos(radians(iAngle)), -pixsDistance*sin(radians(iAngle)), (width-width*0.505)*cos(radians(iAngle)), -(width-width*0.505)*sin(radians(iAngle)));
  }
  popMatrix();
}
void drawLine() {
  pushMatrix();
  strokeWeight(9);
  stroke(30, 250, 60);
  translate(width/2, height-height*0.074); // moves the starting coordinats to new location
  line(0, 0, (height-height*0.12)*cos(radians(iAngle)), -(height-height*0.12)*sin(radians(iAngle))); // draws the line according to the angle
  popMatrix();
}
void drawText() { // draws the texts on the screen

  pushMatrix();
  if (iDistance>40) {
    noObject = "Out of Range";
  } else {
    noObject = "In Range";
  }
  fill(0, 0, 0);
  noStroke();
  rect(0, height-height*0.0648, width, height);
  fill(98, 245, 31);
  textSize(25);

  text("10cm", width-width*0.3854, height-height*0.0833);
  text("20cm", width-width*0.281, height-height*0.0833);
  text("30cm", width-width*0.177, height-height*0.0833);
  text("40cm", width-width*0.0729, height-height*0.0833);
  textSize(40);
  text("Gulshan's Radar ", width-width*0.875, height-height*0.0277);
  text("Angle: " + iAngle +" ", width-width*0.48, height-height*0.0277);
  text("Distance: ", width-width*0.26, height-height*0.0277);
  if (iDistance<40) {
    text("        " + iDistance +" cm", width-width*0.225, height-height*0.0277);
  }
  textSize(25);
  fill(98, 245, 60);
  translate((width-width*0.4994)+width/2*cos(radians(30)), (height-height*0.0907)-width/2*sin(radians(30)));
  rotate(-radians(-60));
  text("30", 0, 0);
  resetMatrix();
  translate((width-width*0.503)+width/2*cos(radians(60)), (height-height*0.0888)-width/2*sin(radians(60)));
  rotate(-radians(-30));
  text("60", 0, 0);
  resetMatrix();
  translate((width-width*0.507)+width/2*cos(radians(90)), (height-height*0.0833)-width/2*sin(radians(90)));
  rotate(radians(0));
  text("90", 0, 0);
  resetMatrix();
  translate(width-width*0.513+width/2*cos(radians(120)), (height-height*0.07129)-width/2*sin(radians(120)));
  rotate(radians(-30));
  text("120", 0, 0);
  resetMatrix();
  translate((width-width*0.5104)+width/2*cos(radians(150)), (height-height*0.0574)-width/2*sin(radians(150)));
  rotate(radians(-60));
  text("150", 0, 0);
  popMatrix();
}

Credits

gulshan mishra

gulshan mishra

2 projects • 4 followers

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