Mastermaker
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Alexa-Controlled Thermostat with NodeMCU v3 and Raspberry Pi

Combine analog temperature control with WiFi connectivity and voice activation to fully control your heating system at home.

IntermediateFull instructions provided4 hours10,873
Alexa-Controlled Thermostat with NodeMCU v3 and Raspberry Pi

Things used in this project

Hardware components

NodeMCU ESP8266 Breakout Board
NodeMCU ESP8266 Breakout Board
Used NodeMCU v3, but should work with NodeMCU v2 by changing the wiring for the 5v pin
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Standard LCD - 16x2 White on Blue
Adafruit Standard LCD - 16x2 White on Blue
Generic 16x2 LCD with i2c
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DHT11 Temperature & Humidity Sensor (4 pins)
DHT11 Temperature & Humidity Sensor (4 pins)
I used the module that comes with a built-in pull-up resistor.
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Rotary Encoder KY-040 5 PIN
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Jumper wires (generic)
Jumper wires (generic)
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LED (generic)
LED (generic)
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Raspberry Pi 2 Model B
Raspberry Pi 2 Model B
This is optional, but needed if you want to voice-control the thermostat and integrate with Amazon Echo
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Amazon Echo
Amazon Alexa Amazon Echo
Optional in case of voice control
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Universal 900mm x 700mm Soldering Board
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Acrylic sheet for enclosure
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Insteon on/off module
This can be replaced by any on/off module wired to the heater/boiler that supports HTTP commands
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Software apps and online services

Arduino IDE
Arduino IDE
HA Bridge
Insteon Hub
This is my current home automation system. However, it can be replaced by any IoT ON/OFF switch that supports HTTP code

Hand tools and fabrication machines

Soldering iron (generic)
Soldering iron (generic)

Story

Read more

Schematics

Breadboard Setup

NodeMCU v3 wiring:
D0 (GPIO 16) to - on LED. + on LED can be connected to any 3v output
D1 (GPIO 5) to SDL on i2c on LCD display
D2 (GPIO 4) to SDA on i2c on LCD display
D4 (GPIO 2) to sense on DHT11 sensor
3V to DHT11 sensor +
G to DHT11 sensor ground
D5 (GPIO 14) to SW on rotary encoder
D6 (GPIO 12) to DT on rotary encoder
D7 (GPIO 13) to CLK on rotary encoder
G to GND on rotary encoder
3V to + on rotary encoder
VUSB (VU) to + on i2c for LCD display (this is 5v output. For NodeMCU v2, it would be VIN pin)
G to GND on i2c for LCD display

Fritzing Schematic

Schematic

Code

Code for IoT Thermostat and home automation

Arduino
The code will need editing to cater for personal configurations and equipment
#include <DHT.h>  
#include <Wire.h> 
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <ESP8266HTTPClient.h>
const char* ssid = "YOUR_SSID"; // update your SSID
const char* password = "YOUR_PASSWORD"; // update your SSID password
const char* host = "192.168.0.XX"; //not needed immediately, but suggest once known it is updated here and the IP address is fixed in your router
#define SwitchPin 14 // interrupt 0 Pin 2 in Arduino is a must due to interrupts
#define ClockPin  13 // interrupt 1 Pin 3 in Arduino is a must due to interrupts
#define DataPin   12 // this can be any pin
volatile int EncodeCTR;
volatile int EncoderChange;
volatile int SwitchCtr;
int setpoint;
int ledPin = 16;
int insteonstatus;
int val = 0;       // variable to store the value coming from the sensor

// Parameters for counting readings
int numReadings = 10;
int readings[10];
int counter;
//

WiFiServer server(303); //just pick any port number you like
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd (0x3F, 16, 2);  // Set the LCD I2C address. Amend to suit your LCD

#define DHTPIN 2  
#define DHTTYPE DHT11
DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);
uint8_t temp1, humidity; 

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200); 
  delay(10);
  // reading counter
  counter = 0;
  //
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
  // Encoder setup
  pinMode(SwitchPin , INPUT_PULLUP); // switch is not powered by the + on the Encoder breakout
  pinMode(ClockPin , INPUT);
  pinMode(DataPin , INPUT);
  // Prepare LED Pin
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(16, LOW);
  attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(SwitchPin), Switch, FALLING);
  attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(ClockPin), Encode, FALLING); 
  // Connect to WiFi network
  Serial.println();
  Serial.println();
  Serial.print("Connecting to ");
  Serial.println(ssid);
  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
    while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }
  Serial.println("");
  Serial.println("WiFi connected");

  // Start the server
  server.begin();
  Serial.println("Server started");

  // Print the IP address
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
  
  // initialize the lcd
  lcd.begin(16,2);              
  lcd.init();
  lcd.backlight();                
  lcd.clear ();
  lcd.print ("Room Temp:");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1); // go to next line
  lcd.print ("Setpoint:");
     
  dht.begin();  
  delay(10); 
}

void loop() {
  if (EncoderChange || SwitchCtr) {
    EncoderChange = 0;
    Serial.print("EncodeCTR: ");
    Serial.print(EncodeCTR);
    Serial.println();
    SwitchCtr = 0;
  }

// get temperature readings
  int temp1 = dht.readTemperature();  
  humidity = dht.readHumidity();  
  //delay(5000);

  // Calculate stable temp readings
  int value = temp1;
  readings[counter] = value;
  counter++;
  if (counter >= numReadings) counter = 0;  
    
  //running average. This gives the readings more stability
  float total = 0;
  for (int i = 0; i< numReadings; i++) total += readings[i];
  float temperature = total /numReadings;
  //
  
  setpoint = EncodeCTR;

// print average values
  Serial.print("\tAVG:\t");
  Serial.println(temperature, 0);  // 0 decimals
  delay(1000); // this delay is key to slow the readings! Without it, you get multiple readings per second 
  
// print values to lcd 
  lcd.setCursor(11, 0);
  lcd.print (temperature,0); // read average instead of temperature for stability
  lcd.print (" C ");
  lcd.setCursor(11, 1);
  lcd.print (setpoint);
  lcd.print (" C ");

// Temperature tests start here to decide when to turn the heater on/off
  if (temperature <= setpoint - 1) { // condition true if measured temp below xx degrees under setpoint temp
    if (insteonstatus != 1) {  // if status is not ON the turn on the device, if not do nothing
    InsteonON();
    digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH); // turn on the LED - for some reason, LOW turns it on on this script
    delay(500);
    insteonstatus = 1;
   } 
  }
  if (temperature >= setpoint + 1){  // condition true if measured temp below xx degrees over setpoint temp
    if (insteonstatus != 0) { // if status is not OFF the turn off the device, if not do nothing
    InsteonOFF();
    digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW); // turn OFF the LED
    delay(500);
    insteonstatus = 0;
    }
   } 
 // delay(500);

// IoT loop Check if a client has connected
  
  WiFiClient client = server.available();
  if (!client) {
    return;
  }

  // Wait until the client sends some data
  while (!client.available()) {
    delay(1);
  }

  // Read the first line of the request
  String req = client.readStringUntil('\r');
  client.flush();

  // Match the request
  
  if (req.indexOf("") != -10) {  //checks if you're on the main page

   if (req.indexOf("/+") != -1) { //checks if you clicked plus
   EncodeCTR = EncodeCTR + 1;
   Serial.println("You clicked +");
   Serial.println(EncodeCTR);
   }
   if (req.indexOf("/-") != -1) { //checks if you clicked minus
   EncodeCTR = EncodeCTR - 1;
   Serial.println("You clicked -");
   Serial.println(EncodeCTR);
   }
   if (req.indexOf("/ON") != -1) { //checks if you clicked minus
   EncodeCTR = temperature + 2;
   Serial.println("You clicked Boiler On");
   Serial.println(EncodeCTR);
   }
   if (req.indexOf("/OFF") != -1) { //checks if you clicked minus
   EncodeCTR = 19; // resent the temp to 19
   Serial.println("You clicked Boiler Off");
   Serial.println(EncodeCTR);
   }
  }

  else {
    Serial.println("invalid request");
   client.stop();
    return;
  }
// Publish buttons on internet browser via Web Server. Simply type IP address of device and port on URL bar- e.g. 192.168.0.2:443
  // Prepare the response
  String s = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n";
  s += "Content-Type: text/html\r\n\r\n";
  s += "<!DOCTYPE HTML>\r\n<html>\r\n";
  s += "<p>Setpoint Temperature <a href='/+'\"><button>+</button></a>&nbsp;<a href='/-'\"><button>-</button></a></p>";
  s += "<p>Boiler Status <a href='/ON'\"><button>ON</button></a>&nbsp;<a href='/OFF'\"><button>OFF</button></a></p>";
  client.flush();
  // Send the response to the client
  client.print(s);
  delay(1);
  
  client.println();
  client.print("Room Temperature = ");
  client.println(temperature);
  client.println();
  client.print("Setpoint = ");
  client.println(setpoint); 
  delay(1);
}

void Switch() {
  static unsigned long DebounceTimer;
  if ((unsigned long)(millis() - DebounceTimer) >= (100)) {
    DebounceTimer = millis();
    if (!SwitchCtr) {
      SwitchCtr++;
      EncodeCTR = 19; // turns this parameter to 19 when the encoder button is pushed
    }
  }
}

void Encode() { // we know the clock pin is low so we only need to see what state the Data pin is and count accordingly
  static unsigned long DebounceTimer;
  if ((unsigned long)(millis() - DebounceTimer) >= (100)) { // standard blink without delay timer
    DebounceTimer = millis();
    if (digitalRead(DataPin) == LOW) // switch to LOW to reverse direction of Encoder counting
    {
      EncodeCTR++;
    }
    else {
      EncodeCTR--;
    }
    EncoderChange++;
  }
}

// IMPORTANT NOTE: This code integrates with Insteon on/off module. If another method is used to turn the heater/boiler ON/OFF then this section section will need to be modified to suit the needs (e.g. IoT relays, Vera, etc.)
void InsteonON() {
   HTTPClient http;    //Declare object of class HTTPClient
 
   http.begin("http://192.168.0.XX:XXX/3?02621FF5870F11FF=I=3");  //ON for Insteon controller. Amend to suit your system configuration
   http.addHeader("Content-Type", "text/plain");  //Specify content-type header
 
   int httpCode = http.POST("Message from ESP8266");   //Send the request
   String payload = http.getString();                  //Get the response payload
 
   Serial.println(httpCode);   //Print HTTP return code
   Serial.println(payload);    //Print request response payload
 
   http.end();  //Close connection
}

void InsteonOFF() {
   HTTPClient http2;    //Declare object of class HTTPClient
 
   http2.begin("http://192.168.0.XX:XXXX/3?02621FF5870F13FF=I=3");      //OFF for Insteon controller. Amend to suit your system configuration
   http2.addHeader("Content-Type", "text/plain");  //Specify content-type header
 
   int http2Code = http2.POST("Message from ESP8266");   //Send the request
   String payload2 = http2.getString();                  //Get the response payload
 
   Serial.println(http2Code);   //Print HTTP return code
   Serial.println(payload2);    //Print request response payload
 
   http2.end();  //Close connection;
}

Credits

Mastermaker

Mastermaker

3 projects • 3 followers
Self-trained IoT hobbyist/enthusiast

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