Team C9-Grp5:

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Published February 5, 2024

Automatic Plant Watering System

It is an automatic plant watering system that will help to water the plants when the soil is too dry.

IntermediateFull instructions provided2 hours548

Things used in this project

Hardware components

M5Stack FIRE IoT Development Kit (PSRAM 2.0)

M5Stack Earth Module Grove Compatible Soil monitoring

M5Stack I2C Hub 1 to 6 Expansion TCA9548A Module

Servo Module (Generic)

M5Stack ENV III Unit with Temperature Humidity Air Pressure Sensor (SHT30+QMP6988)

Software apps and online services

M5Stack M5Flow/UiFlow Web

Story

Project Introduction:

We aspire to develop a product that is highly water-efficient and capable of automatically watering plants for humans. This will simplify the task for gardeners or farms in irrigating their plants. With our product, gardeners won't need to keep track on when to water their plants; our system will handle it for them, preventing underwatering. It also prevents over watering because it ensures that the moisture of the soil do not go over a certain level set by the user.

Driving question:

How can we create a plant-watering device that will reduce water wastage by not over-watering the plants, but will also automatically water the plants when the soil is dry?

Research/Evidence

Plants usually wilt due to underwatering and overwatering.
50% of water is wasted due to overwatering.
1.65 trillion gallons of drinking water wasted each year in the US due to overwatering.
In the summer of 2010, Los Angeles lost about 100 gallons of water per person per day to the atmosphere through evaporation, mostly from overwatering of lawns and trees.

Summary of evidence

This shows that in farming, majority of water used is wasted, which shows these methods of watering is not sustainable and not environmentally friendly and may also result in harm to plants.

Our solution/product

●With our auto watering device, it will automatically water your plants when the soil is dry

●Highly water efficient as it stops watering at a user-set moisture (on the M5Stack). This also reduces chance of overwatering plants as it will stop watering after the soil is damp enough.

●Using your mobile phone to scan the QR code, users are able to:

-Turn on LED on the m5stack,

-Check Temperature and Humidity levels, Moisture level and user-set moisture level

Uses of each unit

●ENV II: To check for humidity and temperature

●Earth: To check for moisture of the soil

●Servo motor: To open the “gate” to allow water to flow through and water the plant

●PaHub: To allow connection of the servo motor and the ENV II sensor to the same M5Stack

●M5Stack: To adjust the value/how moist the user wants the soil to be, also to see certain values. This thing mostly acts as the main processor.

●Phone: On a light on the M5Stack and to see certain values

Certain values: Moisture of soil, humidity, temperature, when to water the soil and user’s preference of how moist the soil should be.

Flowchart of how the program should work

1 / 2 • Blocky image of code

Code

M5Stack code for watering plants

from m5stack import *
from m5ui import *
from uiflow import *
from servo import Servo
import time
import unit
remoteInit()

setScreenColor(0x222222)
pahub_0 = unit.get(unit.PAHUB, unit.PORTA, 0x70)
env2_0 = unit.get(unit.ENV2, unit.PAHUB0)
earth_0 = unit.get(unit.EARTH, unit.PORTB)


switch_value = None
WhenToWater = None
HowMoistUserWantsItToBe = None
OpenOrNot = None



TemperatureName = M5TextBox(43, 13, "Temperature:", lcd.FONT_Default, 0xFFFFFF, rotate=0)
TemperatureValue = M5TextBox(143, 13, "Temperature:", lcd.FONT_Default, 0xFFFFFF, rotate=0)
WHentowaterlabel = M5TextBox(30, 129, "When to water:", lcd.FONT_Default, 0xFFFFFF, rotate=0)
HumidityName = M5TextBox(69, 42, "Humidity:", lcd.FONT_Default, 0xFFFFFF, rotate=0)
WhenToWaterValue = M5TextBox(156, 129, "When to water:", lcd.FONT_Default, 0xFFFFFF, rotate=0)
HumidityValue = M5TextBox(156, 42, "Humidity:", lcd.FONT_Default, 0xFFFFFF, rotate=0)
MoistureName = M5TextBox(70, 79, "Moisture:", lcd.FONT_Default, 0xFFFFFF, rotate=0)
MoistureValue = M5TextBox(156, 79, "Moisture:", lcd.FONT_Default, 0xFFFFFF, rotate=0)
MoistValue = M5TextBox(168, 184, "label0", lcd.FONT_Default, 0xFFFFFF, rotate=0)
MoistMEter = M5TextBox(54, 184, "MoistMeter:", lcd.FONT_Default, 0xFFFFFF, rotate=0)
label0 = M5TextBox(34, 219, "Decrease", lcd.FONT_Default, 0xFFFFFF, rotate=0)
label1 = M5TextBox(208, 224, "Increase", lcd.FONT_Default, 0xFFFFFF, rotate=0)

from numbers import Number



def buttonA_wasPressed():
  global WhenToWater, HowMoistUserWantsItToBe, switch_value, OpenOrNot
  if HowMoistUserWantsItToBe > 0:
    HowMoistUserWantsItToBe = (HowMoistUserWantsItToBe if isinstance(HowMoistUserWantsItToBe, Number) else 0) + -1
  pass
btnA.wasPressed(buttonA_wasPressed)

def buttonC_wasPressed():
  global WhenToWater, HowMoistUserWantsItToBe, switch_value, OpenOrNot
  if HowMoistUserWantsItToBe < 100:
    HowMoistUserWantsItToBe = (HowMoistUserWantsItToBe if isinstance(HowMoistUserWantsItToBe, Number) else 0) + 1
  pass
btnC.wasPressed(buttonC_wasPressed)



def switch_1_callback(switch_value):
  global WhenToWater, HowMoistUserWantsItToBe, OpenOrNot, pahub_0, env2_0, earth_0 
  print(switch_value)
  if switch_value == 1:
    rgb.setColorAll(0xffffff)
  elif switch_value == 0:
    rgb.setColorAll(0x000000)

def gauge_3_callback():
  global WhenToWater, HowMoistUserWantsItToBe, switch_value, OpenOrNot, pahub_0, env2_0, earth_0 
  return WhenToWater
def gauge_Temperature_callback():
  global WhenToWater, HowMoistUserWantsItToBe, switch_value, OpenOrNot, pahub_0, env2_0, earth_0 
  return env2_0.temperature
def gauge_Humidity_callback():
  global WhenToWater, HowMoistUserWantsItToBe, switch_value, OpenOrNot, pahub_0, env2_0, earth_0 
  return env2_0.humidity
def gauge_5_callback():
  global WhenToWater, HowMoistUserWantsItToBe, switch_value, OpenOrNot, pahub_0, env2_0, earth_0 
  return earth_0.analogValue
pahub_0.select(1, 1)
servo0 = Servo(21,50,500,2500,180)
servo0.write_angle(0)
wait(1)
pahub_0.select(1, 0)
HowMoistUserWantsItToBe = 50
OpenOrNot = 0
while True:
  WhenToWater = 10 * (HowMoistUserWantsItToBe + (env2_0.temperature) * 0.1 - (env2_0.humidity) * 0.1)
  if (earth_0.analogValue) <= WhenToWater and OpenOrNot == 0:
    pahub_0.select(1, 1)
    servo0 = Servo(21,50,500,2500,180)
    servo0.write_angle(1)
    wait(1)
    pahub_0.select(1, 0)
    wait(3)
    OpenOrNot = 1
  elif (earth_0.analogValue) > WhenToWater and OpenOrNot == 1:
    pahub_0.select(1, 1)
    servo0 = Servo(21,50,500,2500,180)
    servo0.write_angle(90)
    wait(1)
    pahub_0.select(1, 0)
    wait(1)
    OpenOrNot = 0
  MoistureValue.setText(str(earth_0.analogValue))
  TemperatureValue.setText(str(env2_0.temperature))
  HumidityValue.setText(str(env2_0.humidity))
  MoistValue.setText(str(HowMoistUserWantsItToBe))
  WhenToWaterValue.setText(str(WhenToWater))
  wait(1)
  wait_ms(2)

Automatic Plant Watering System