Story
About
Problem identification
Project introduction
Background
Project Features
Youtube Video
Flowchart Links
Reference Link

Team buttercup: Muhammad Shaffeeq, Jia Wei, Reagza, Jeriel

Published February 10, 2024

EGC177 - Urban Farming (AgriFarm Hub)

Imagine a world where the health and productivity of your urban farm are constantly monitored and optimized in real-time.

BeginnerShowcase (no instructions)388

Things used in this project

Hardware components

M5Stack FIRE IoT Development Kit (PSRAM 2.0)

M5Stack I2C Hub 1 to 6 Expansion TCA9548A Module

I/O Hub 1 to 6 Expansion

SG90 Micro-servo motor

M5Stack Mini RFID Unit RC522 Module Sensor

M5Stack Earth Module Grove Compatible Soil monitoring

M5Stack Light Unit with Photo-resistance

M5Stack Time-of-Flight (ToF) VL53L0X Laser Ranging Unit (MCP4725/)

M5Stack RGB Unit with NeoPixel RGB LED (SK6812)

M5Stack ENV II Unit with Temperature Humidity Pressure Sensor(SHT30+BMP280)

Software apps and online services

M5Stack Uiflow

Story

EEP C2 Team 4

MuhammadShaffeeq (234711H)
Chan Jia Wei (234619H)
Reagza Chia (233180W)
Jeriel Ng (231486P)

About

Currently, there is a need for sustainable global food system.

The global food system has experienced a turbulent and challenging time. The impact of climate change is felt on food production. Prolonged dry spell and heatwaves have affected crop yield and we see food production plummeting across all continents. Intense rain, deluge and floods wash away livestock and damage food stock, again in many parts of the world.

Singapore too, has felt the impact of such climatic shifts. Prolonged heavy rains led to a decrease in vegetable supply from the region which drove up the prices of vegetables in Singapore.

Hence, Singapore needs to develop a more sustainable supply of food through the growth of local food from urban farming to buffer the potential negative impacts of fluctuations in the food market on Singapore’s food security. A new product must be introduced to help increase the yield

Problem identification

How can we design a sustainable technology solution in retail, urban farming, smart factory or healthy lifestyle?

Project introduction

A product will help empower urban farmers, AgriFarm Hubhelps facilitates swift remote identification of suboptimal conditions in urban farms. Our goal is to promptly identify and notify personnel, enabling efficient maintenance and ensuring a swift return to optimal farming conditions.

By using AgriFarm Hub, we can measure the temperature levels in urban farms, moisture levels in soil, and the overall temperature and humidity for urban farmers without needing them to regularly and manually measure these conditions in the urban farms. It also protects the farm using a card ID access feature, granting access to authorized personnel only.

This will increase the efficiency of urban farms as optimal conditions can be sustained more effectively with fewer deviations from optimal. This will increase the yield of local produce in Singapore. Furthermore, it will reduce the manpower necessary for the supervision of the urban farm, which in tandem reduces the expenses of the urban farms.

Background

Different plant species have specific temperature requirements for optimal growth. Temperature influences various physiological processes in plants, including photosynthesis, respiration, and flowering. (e.g lettuce)

Water is critical for plant hydration, nutrient uptake, and various metabolic processes. Inconsistent or excessive watering can lead to waterlogged roots or drought stress.

Soil based vertical farms can experience mass deaths of crops as it is difficult to water the entire surface of the soil and consistently ensure sufficient water seeps to the roots of all the crops which may cause many crops to be lost.

More manpower is needed to regularly monitor the growth of plants to ensure optimal conditions are met which increases the expenses of urban farming and in tandem, the price of local produce.

Light is essential for photosynthesis, to fuel growth. Insufficient light can lead to stunted growth, leggy plants, and poor fruiting.

Effective plant protection practices are essential for ensuring agricultural productivity, food security, environmental sustainability, and economic viability.

Project Features:

Moisture sensor - It monitors the moisture of the soil of the plants to ensure that it is not too moist. If its too wet the servo motor will turn 180 degrees to stop water from flowing.
Automated Watering - Using a TOF sensor, it can measure the amount of water in the water tank. It notifies user when there is too little water in the tank.
Automated Lighting - Using a light sensor, if the sunlight is too dim for the plants, the RGB LED will light up.
Temperature Monitoring - It monitors the temperature and humidity of the environment.
RFID Gate - Using an RFID unit and a servo motor, it gives access to granted personal by moving the servo motor when the approved Card ID is detected. While unknown personnel will be denied entry.

Youtube Video:

Our Presentation

Flowchart Links:

Block Diagram:

Click to view Block Diagram

Main M5stack Flowchart :

Click to view Main M5Stack Flowchart

Secondary M5stack Flowchart:

Click to view Secondary M5Stack Flowchart

Reference Link:

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.925548/full

https://dirt-to-dinner.com/can-technology-save-urban-farming/

https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/the-plot-thickens-as-thieves-plunder-community-gardens

https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/hdb-rooftops-to-get-more-urban-farms-0

https://sustainableurbandelta.com/food-and-climate/

https://medium.com/mark-and-focus/urban-farming-and-water-innovations-for-sustainable-agriculture-da4732e00730

https://www.a-star.edu.sg/News/astarNews/news/features/sustainable-urban-farming---lighting-up-our-local-farms

https://www.sare.org/publications/building-soils-for-better-crops/soils-for-urban-farms-gardens-and-green-spaces/#soil-reconditioning-strategies

Code

from m5stack import *
from m5ui import *
from uiflow import *
import time
import unit
remoteInit()

setScreenColor(0x222222)
pahub_0 = unit.get(unit.PAHUB, unit.PORTA, 0x70)
pbhub_0 = unit.get(unit.PBHUB, unit.PAHUB0)
env2_0 = unit.get(unit.ENV2, unit.PAHUB1)
servo_0 = unit.get(unit.SERVO, unit.PORTB)
tof_0 = unit.get(unit.TOF, unit.PAHUB2)


Temperature = None
Moisture = None
Humidity = None
Illumination = None
Water_Capacity = None



rectangle0 = M5Rect(0, 103, 320, 1, 0xFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFF)
rectangle1 = M5Rect(159, 103, 1, 137, 0xFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFF)
image0 = M5Img(0, 140, "res/thermometer.png", True)
label0 = M5TextBox(56, 166, "label0", lcd.FONT_DejaVu24, 0xFFFFFF, rotate=0)
label1 = M5TextBox(134, 166, "C", lcd.FONT_DejaVu24, 0xffffff, rotate=0)
image2 = M5Img(0, 0, "res/logo (3).png", True)
image1 = M5Img(166, 140, "res/water_level.png", True)
label2 = M5TextBox(234, 166, "label2", lcd.FONT_DejaVu24, 0xFFFFFF, rotate=0)





def gauge_1_callback():
  global Temperature, Moisture, Humidity, Illumination, Water_Capacity, pahub_0, pbhub_0, env2_0, servo_0, tof_0 
  return Temperature
def gauge_3_callback():
  global Temperature, Moisture, Humidity, Illumination, Water_Capacity, pahub_0, pbhub_0, env2_0, servo_0, tof_0 
  return Moisture
def gauge_2_callback():
  global Temperature, Moisture, Humidity, Illumination, Water_Capacity, pahub_0, pbhub_0, env2_0, servo_0, tof_0 
  return Humidity
def gauge_4_callback():
  global Temperature, Moisture, Humidity, Illumination, Water_Capacity, pahub_0, pbhub_0, env2_0, servo_0, tof_0 
  return Illumination
lcd.qrcode('https://flow.m5stack.com/remote?id=undefined', 72, 32, 176)
servo_0.write_angle(0)
while True:
  Temperature = env2_0.temperature
  Humidity = env2_0.humidity
  Moisture = int((pbhub_0.analogRead(0)))
  Water_Capacity = tof_0.distance
  Illumination = pbhub_0.analogRead(2)
  label0.setText(str(Temperature))
  if Moisture >= 550:
    servo_0.write_angle(180)
  elif Moisture < 550:
    servo_0.write_angle(0)
  if Water_Capacity <= 70:
    label2.setText('Full')
    rgb.setColorAll(0x3333ff)
  elif Water_Capacity > 70 and Water_Capacity <= 100:
    label2.setText('High')
    rgb.setColorAll(0x33ff33)
  elif Water_Capacity > 100 and Water_Capacity <= 130:
    label2.setText('Moderate')
    rgb.setColorAll(0xffff00)
  elif Water_Capacity <= 170:
    label2.setText('Low')
    rgb.setColorAll(0xff0000)
  else:
    label2.setText('Empty')
    rgb.setColorAll(0xff0000)
    speaker.tone(800, 200)
    wait_ms(10)
  if Illumination >= 400:
    pbhub_0.setColor(1, 0, 3, 0xffffff)
  elif Illumination < 400:
    pbhub_0.setColor(1, 0, 3, 0x000000)
  wait_ms(2)

from m5stack import *
from m5ui import *
from uiflow import *
import time
import unit


setScreenColor(0x222222)
rfid_0 = unit.get(unit.RFID, unit.PORTA)
servo_0 = unit.get(unit.SERVO, unit.PORTB)






label0 = M5TextBox(61, 185, "label0", lcd.FONT_DejaVu24, 0xFFFFFF, rotate=0)
image0 = M5Img(118, 57, "res/default.jpg", False)
image1 = M5Img(118, 57, "res/default.jpg", False)
image2 = M5Img(118, 55, "res/denied.png", True)


servo_0.write_angle(0)
while True:
  if rfid_0.isCardOn():
    if (rfid_0.readUid()) == '24b0fd2b42':
      label0.setText('Authorized Entry')
      image0.hide()
      image2.hide()
      image1.changeImg("res/granted.jpg")
      rgb.setColorAll(0x33cc00)
      servo_0.write_angle(180)
      wait(3)
    else:
      label0.setText('Access Denied')
      image0.hide()
      image1.hide()
      image2.changeImg("res/denied.jpg")
      rgb.setColorAll(0xff0000)
  else:
    label0.setText('Scan Your Card')
    rgb.setColorAll(0x000000)
    image2.hide()
    image1.hide()
    image0.changeImg("res/tap.jpg")
    servo_0.write_angle(0)
  wait_ms(2)

EGC177 - Urban Farming (AgriFarm Hub)