ParthSharma1405
Published

Rotating UltraSonic Obstacle Sensor

An Obstacle sensor with Multiple industrial Applications.

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Rotating UltraSonic Obstacle Sensor

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Arduino UNO
Arduino UNO
×1
Solderless Breadboard Full Size
Solderless Breadboard Full Size
×1
SG90 Micro-servo motor
SG90 Micro-servo motor
×1
Ultrasonic Sensor - HC-SR04 (Generic)
Ultrasonic Sensor - HC-SR04 (Generic)
×1
Jumper wires (generic)
Jumper wires (generic)
×1

Story

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Schematics

Circuit Diagram Arduino UNO

Code

Arduino IDE code

C/C++
Copy this code on your Arduino IDE:

ABOUT ARDUINO IDE:
Arduino is a prototype platform (open-source) based on easy-to-use hardware and software. It consists of a circuit board, which can be programed (referred to as a microcontroller) and a ready-made software called Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment), which is used to write and upload the computer code to the physical board.

The key features are −

Arduino boards are able to read analog or digital input signals from different sensors and turn it into an output such as activating a motor, turning LED on/off, connect to the cloud and many other actions.

You can control your board functions by sending a set of instructions to the microcontroller on the board via Arduino IDE (referred to as uploading software).

Unlike most previous programmable circuit boards, Arduino does not need an extra piece of hardware (called a programmer) in order to load new code onto the board. You can simply use a USB cable.

Additionally, the Arduino IDE uses a simplified version of C++, making it easier to learn to program.

Finally, Arduino provides a standard form factor that breaks the functions of the micro-controller into a more accessible package.
// Includes the Servo library
#include <Servo.h>. 

// Defines Tirg and Echo pins of the Ultrasonic Sensor
const int trigPin = 10;
const int echoPin = 11;
// Variables for the duration and the distance
long duration;
int distance;

Servo myServo; // Creates a servo object for controlling the servo motor

void setup() {
  pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT); // Sets the trigPin as an Output
  pinMode(echoPin, INPUT); // Sets the echoPin as an Input
  Serial.begin(9600);
  myServo.attach(12); // Defines on which pin is the servo motor attached
}
void loop() {
  // rotates the servo motor from 15 to 165 degrees
  for(int i=15;i<=165;i++){  
  myServo.write(i);
  delay(30);
  distance = calculateDistance();// Calls a function for calculating the distance measured by the Ultrasonic sensor for each degree
  
  Serial.print(i); // Sends the current degree into the Serial Port
  Serial.print(","); // Sends addition character right next to the previous value needed later in the Processing IDE for indexing
  Serial.print(distance); // Sends the distance value into the Serial Port
  Serial.print("."); // Sends addition character right next to the previous value needed later in the Processing IDE for indexing
  }
  // Repeats the previous lines from 165 to 15 degrees
  for(int i=165;i>15;i--){  
  myServo.write(i);
  delay(30);
  distance = calculateDistance();
  Serial.print(i);
  Serial.print(",");
  Serial.print(distance);
  Serial.print(".");
  }
}
// Function for calculating the distance measured by the Ultrasonic sensor
int calculateDistance(){ 
  
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW); 
  delayMicroseconds(2);
  // Sets the trigPin on HIGH state for 10 micro seconds
  digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH); 
  delayMicroseconds(10);
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
  duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH); // Reads the echoPin, returns the sound wave travel time in microseconds
  distance= duration*0.034/2;
  return distance;
}

Processing IDE code

Java
Welcome to Processing! Start by visiting http://processing.org/download and selecting the Mac, Windows, or Linux version, depending on what machine you have. Installation on each machine is straightforward:

On Windows, you'll have a .zip file. Double-click it, and drag the folder inside to a location on your hard disk. It could be Program Files or simply the desktop, but the important thing is for the processing folder to be pulled out of that .zip file. Then double-click processing.exe to start.
The Mac OS X version is also a .zip file. Double-click it and drag the Processing icon to the Applications folder. If you're using someone else's machine and can't modify the Applications folder, just drag the application to the desktop. Then double-click the Processing icon to start.
The Linux version is a .tar.gz file, which should be familiar to most Linux users. Download the file to your home directory, then open a terminal window, and type:
tar xvfz processing-xxxx.tgz
(Replace XXXX with the rest of the file's name, which is the version number.) This will create a folder named processing-2.0 or something similar. Then change to that directory:
cd processing-xxxx
and run it:
./processing
With any luck, the main Processing window will now be visible. Everyone's setup is different, so if the program didn't start, or you're otherwise stuck, visit the troubleshooting page for possible solutions.
import processing.serial.*; // imports library for serial communication
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; // imports library for reading the data from the serial port
import java.io.IOException;

Serial myPort; // defines Object Serial
// defubes variables
String angle="";
String distance="";
String data="";
String noObject;
float pixsDistance;
int iAngle, iDistance;
int index1=0;
int index2=0;
PFont orcFont;

void setup() {
  
 size (2560, 1600);
 smooth();
 myPort = new Serial(this,"/dev/cu.usbmodem143201", 9600); // starts the serial communication
 myPort.bufferUntil('.'); // reads the data from the serial port up to the character '.'. So actually it reads this: angle,distance.
 orcFont = loadFont("OCRAExtended-30.vlw");
}

void draw() {
  
  fill(98,245,31);
  textFont(orcFont);
  // simulating motion blur and slow fade of the moving line
  noStroke();
  fill(0,4); 
  rect(0, 0, width, 1010); 
  
  fill(98,245,31); // green color
  // calls the functions for drawing the radar
  drawRadar(); 
  drawLine();
  drawObject();
  drawText();
}

void serialEvent (Serial myPort) { // starts reading data from the Serial Port
  // reads the data from the Serial Port up to the character '.' and puts it into the String variable "data".
  data = myPort.readStringUntil('.');
  data = data.substring(0,data.length()-1);
  
  index1 = data.indexOf(","); // find the character ',' and puts it into the variable "index1"
  angle= data.substring(0, index1); // read the data from position "0" to position of the variable index1 or thats the value of the angle the Arduino Board sent into the Serial Port
  distance= data.substring(index1+1, data.length()); // read the data from position "index1" to the end of the data pr thats the value of the distance
  
  // converts the String variables into Integer
  iAngle = int(angle);
  iDistance = int(distance);
}

void drawRadar() {
  pushMatrix();
  translate(960,1000); // moves the starting coordinats to new location
  noFill();
  strokeWeight(2);
  stroke(98,245,31);
  // draws the arc lines
  arc(0,0,1800,1800,PI,TWO_PI);
  arc(0,0,1400,1400,PI,TWO_PI);
  arc(0,0,1000,1000,PI,TWO_PI);
  arc(0,0,600,600,PI,TWO_PI);
  // draws the angle lines
  line(-960,0,960,0);
  line(0,0,-960*cos(radians(30)),-960*sin(radians(30)));
  line(0,0,-960*cos(radians(60)),-960*sin(radians(60)));
  line(0,0,-960*cos(radians(90)),-960*sin(radians(90)));
  line(0,0,-960*cos(radians(120)),-960*sin(radians(120)));
  line(0,0,-960*cos(radians(150)),-960*sin(radians(150)));
  line(-960*cos(radians(30)),0,960,0);
  popMatrix();
}

void drawObject() {
  pushMatrix();
  translate(960,1000); // moves the starting coordinats to new location
  strokeWeight(9);
  stroke(255,10,10); // red color
  pixsDistance = iDistance*22.5; // covers the distance from the sensor from cm to pixels
  // limiting the range to 40 cms
  if(iDistance<40){
    // draws the object according to the angle and the distance
  line(pixsDistance*cos(radians(iAngle)),-pixsDistance*sin(radians(iAngle)),950*cos(radians(iAngle)),-950*sin(radians(iAngle)));
  }
  popMatrix();
}

void drawLine() {
  pushMatrix();
  strokeWeight(9);
  stroke(30,250,60);
  translate(960,1000); // moves the starting coordinats to new location
  line(0,0,950*cos(radians(iAngle)),-950*sin(radians(iAngle))); // draws the line according to the angle
  popMatrix();
}

void drawText() { // draws the texts on the screen
  
  pushMatrix();
  if(iDistance>40) {
  noObject = "Out of Range";
  }
  else {
  noObject = "In Range";
  }
  fill(0,0,0);
  noStroke();
  rect(0, 1010, width, 1080);
  fill(98,245,31);
  textSize(25);
  text("10cm",1180,990);
  text("20cm",1380,990);
  text("30cm",1580,990);
  text("40cm",1780,990);
  textSize(40);
  text("Object: " + noObject, 240, 1050);
  text("Angle: " + iAngle +" ", 1050, 1050);
  text("Distance: ", 1380, 1050);
  if(iDistance<40) {
  text("        " + iDistance +" cm", 1400, 1050);
  }
  textSize(25);
  fill(98,245,60);
  translate(961+960*cos(radians(30)),982-960*sin(radians(30)));
  rotate(-radians(-60));
  text("30",0,0);
  resetMatrix();
  translate(954+960*cos(radians(60)),984-960*sin(radians(60)));
  rotate(-radians(-30));
  text("60",0,0);
  resetMatrix();
  translate(945+960*cos(radians(90)),990-960*sin(radians(90)));
  rotate(radians(0));
  text("90",0,0);
  resetMatrix();
  translate(935+960*cos(radians(120)),1003-960*sin(radians(120)));
  rotate(radians(-30));
  text("120",0,0);
  resetMatrix();
  translate(940+960*cos(radians(150)),1018-960*sin(radians(150)));
  rotate(radians(-60));
  text("150",0,0);
  popMatrix(); 
}

Credits

ParthSharma1405
0 projects • 3 followers

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