NabiyevTR
Published © GPL3+

Simple DALI Controller

Simple device to control and initialize DALI lamps.

IntermediateWork in progress111,553
Simple DALI Controller

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Arduino Nano R3
Arduino Nano R3
×1
Erco Grasshopper
×1
AC/DC converter (230V/12V 40W)
×1
NPN transistor Toshiba 2SC5171
×1
LED (generic)
LED (generic)
×1

Software apps and online services

Arduino IDE
Arduino IDE
Visual Studio 2015
Microsoft Visual Studio 2015

Hand tools and fabrication machines

M-832

Story

Read more

Schematics

DALI command list

Curcuit diagram

Code

Dali.cpp

Arduino
#include "Dali.h"
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>



Dali::Dali() //constructor
{
  applyWorkAround1Mhz = 0;
}


void Dali::setTxPin(uint8_t pin)
{
  TxPin = pin; // user sets the digital pin as output
  pinMode(TxPin, OUTPUT); 
  digitalWrite(TxPin, HIGH);
}

void Dali::setRxAnalogPin(uint8_t pin)
{
	RxAnalogPin = pin; // user sets the digital pin as output
}

void Dali::workAround1MhzTinyCore(uint8_t a)
{
  applyWorkAround1Mhz = a;
}

void Dali::setupAnalogReceive(uint8_t pin) 
{
	setRxAnalogPin(pin); // user sets the analog pin as input
}


void Dali::setupTransmit(uint8_t pin)
{
  setTxPin(pin);
  speedFactor = 2;
  //we don't use exact calculation of passed time spent outside of transmitter
  //because of high ovehead associated with it, instead we use this 
  //emprirically determined values to compensate for the time loss
  
  #if F_CPU == 1000000UL
    uint16_t compensationFactor = 88; //must be divisible by 8 for workaround
  #elif F_CPU == 8000000UL
    uint16_t compensationFactor = 12; 
  #else //16000000Mhz
    uint16_t compensationFactor = 4; 
  #endif  

#if (F_CPU == 80000000UL) || (F_CPU == 160000000)   // ESP8266 80MHz or 160 MHz
  delay1 = delay2 = (HALF_BIT_INTERVAL >> speedFactor) - 2;
#else
  delay1 = (HALF_BIT_INTERVAL >> speedFactor) - compensationFactor;
  delay2 = (HALF_BIT_INTERVAL >> speedFactor) - 2;
  period = delay1 + delay2;
  
  #if F_CPU == 1000000UL
    delay2 -= 22; //22+2 = 24 is divisible by 8
    if (applyWorkAround1Mhz) { //definition of micro delay is broken for 1MHz speed in tiny cores as of now (May 2013)
      //this is a workaround that will allow us to transmit on 1Mhz
      //divide the wait time by 8
      delay1 >>= 3;
      delay2 >>= 3;
    }
  #endif
#endif

	}


void Dali::transmit(uint8_t cmd1, uint8_t cmd2) // transmit commands to DALI bus (address byte, command byte)
{
	sendBit(1);
	sendByte(cmd1);
	sendByte(cmd2);
	digitalWrite(TxPin, HIGH);
}


void Dali::sendByte(uint8_t b) 
{
	for (int i = 7; i >= 0; i--) 
	{
		sendBit((b >> i) & 1);
	}
}


void Dali::sendBit(int b) 
{		
 if (b) {
		sendOne();
	}
	else {
		sendZero();
	} 
}


void Dali::sendZero(void)
{
  digitalWrite(TxPin, HIGH);
  delayMicroseconds(delay2);
  digitalWrite(TxPin, LOW);
  delayMicroseconds(delay1);

}


void Dali::sendOne(void)
{
  digitalWrite(TxPin, LOW);
  delayMicroseconds(delay2);
  digitalWrite(TxPin, HIGH);
  delayMicroseconds(delay1);
}


void Dali::busTest() //DALI bus test
{
	int maxLevel;
	int minLevel;
	
	//Luminaries must turn on and turn off. If not, check connection.
	delay(100);
	dali.transmit(BROADCAST_C, OFF_C); //Broadcast ON
	delay(500);
	dali.transmit(BROADCAST_C, ON_C); //Broadcast OFF
	delay(100);
	while (!Serial);
	
	//Receive response from luminaries: max and min level
	dali.transmit(BROADCAST_C, QUERY_STATUS);
	maxLevel = dali.maxResponseLevel();
	dali.transmit(BROADCAST_C, QUERY_STATUS);
	minLevel = dali.minResponseLevel();

	dali.analogLevel = (int)(maxLevel + minLevel) / 2;
	
	
	


}


void Dali::splitAdd(long input, uint8_t &highbyte, uint8_t &middlebyte, uint8_t &lowbyte) 
{
	highbyte = input >> 16;
	middlebyte = input >> 8;
	lowbyte = input;
}



// define min response level
int Dali::minResponseLevel() 
{

	const uint8_t dalistep = 40; //us
	uint16_t rxmin = 1024;
	uint16_t dalidata;
	long idalistep;

	
	
	for (idalistep = 0; idalistep < dali.daliTimeout; idalistep = idalistep + dalistep) {
		dalidata = analogRead(RxAnalogPin);
		if (dalidata < rxmin) {
			rxmin = dalidata;
		};
		delayMicroseconds(dalistep);
	}
	return rxmin; 
}

// define max response level
int Dali::maxResponseLevel() 
{

	const uint8_t dalistep = 40; //us
	uint16_t rxmax = 0;
	uint16_t dalidata;
	long idalistep;

	
	for (idalistep = 0; idalistep < dali.daliTimeout; idalistep = idalistep + dalistep) {
		dalidata = analogRead(dali.RxAnalogPin);
		if (dalidata > rxmax) {
			rxmax = dalidata;
		};
		delayMicroseconds(dalistep);
	}
	return rxmax;
}


//scan for individual short address
void Dali::scanShortAdd()
{

	const int delayTime = 10;
	const uint8_t start_ind_adress = 0;
	const uint8_t finish_ind_adress = 127;
	uint8_t add_byte;
	uint8_t device_short_add;
	uint8_t response;
		
	dali.transmit(BROADCAST_C, OFF_C); // Broadcast Off
	delay(delayTime);
	
	if (dali.msgMode) {
		Serial.println("Short addresses:");
	}

	for (device_short_add = start_ind_adress; device_short_add <= 63; device_short_add++) {

		add_byte = 1 + (device_short_add << 1); // convert short address to address byte
		
		
		dali.transmit(add_byte, 0xA1);
		
		response = dali.receive();
		
		if (dali.getResponse) {
			
			dali.transmit(add_byte, ON_C); // switch on
			delay(1000);
			dali.transmit(add_byte, OFF_C); // switch off
			delay(1000);

		}
		else {
			response = 0;
		}

		
		
		if (dali.msgMode) {
			Serial.print("BIN: ");
			Serial.print(device_short_add, BIN);
			Serial.print(" ");
			Serial.print("DEC: ");
			Serial.print(device_short_add, DEC);
			Serial.print(" ");
			Serial.print("HEX: ");
			Serial.print(device_short_add, HEX);
			Serial.print(" ");
			if (dali.getResponse) {
				Serial.print("Get response");
			}
			else {
				Serial.print("No response");
			}
			Serial.println();
		}
		else {
			if (dali.getResponse) {
				Serial.println(255, BIN);
			}
			else {
				Serial.println(0, BIN);
			}
			
		}

	}

	dali.transmit(BROADCAST_C, ON_C); // Broadcast On
	Serial.println();
	delay(delayTime);

}


int Dali::readBinaryString(char *s) 
{
	int result = 0;
	while (*s) {
		result <<= 1;
		if (*s++ == '1') result |= 1;
	}
	return result;
}


bool Dali::cmdCheck(String & input, int & cmd1, int & cmd2) 
{
	bool test = true;

	input.replace(" ", "");   // Delete spaces

	if (input.length() != 16) {
		test = false; //check if command contain 16bit
	}
	else {
		for (int i = 0; i <= input.length() - 1; i++) {
			if ((int)input.charAt(i) == 49 or (int)input.charAt(i) == 48) {}
			else {
				test = false;
			};
		};
	};

	if (test) {
		cmd1 = readBinaryString(input.substring(0, 8).c_str());
		cmd2 = readBinaryString(input.substring(8, 16).c_str());
	}

	return test;
}

void Dali::initialisation() {

	const int delaytime = 10; //ms

	long low_longadd = 0x000000;
	long high_longadd = 0xFFFFFF;
	long longadd = (long)(low_longadd + high_longadd) / 2;
	uint8_t highbyte;
	uint8_t middlebyte;
	uint8_t lowbyte;
	uint8_t short_add = 0;
	uint8_t cmd2;

	delay(delaytime);
	dali.transmit(BROADCAST_C, RESET);
	delay(delaytime);
	dali.transmit(BROADCAST_C, RESET);
	delay(delaytime);
	dali.transmit(BROADCAST_C, OFF_C);
	delay(delaytime);
	dali.transmit(0b10100101, 0b00000000); //initialise
	delay(delaytime);
	dali.transmit(0b10100101, 0b00000000); //initialise
	delay(delaytime);
	dali.transmit(0b10100111, 0b00000000); //randomise
	delay(delaytime);
	dali.transmit(0b10100111, 0b00000000); //randomise

	if (dali.msgMode) {
		Serial.println("Searching fo long addresses:");
	}

	while (longadd <= 0xFFFFFF - 2 and short_add <= 64) {
		while ((high_longadd - low_longadd) > 1) {

			dali.splitAdd(longadd, highbyte, middlebyte, lowbyte); //divide 24bit adress into three 8bit adresses
			delay(delaytime);
			dali.transmit(0b10110001, highbyte); //search HB
			delay(delaytime);
			dali.transmit(0b10110011, middlebyte); //search MB
			delay(delaytime);
			dali.transmit(0b10110101, lowbyte); //search LB
			delay(delaytime);
			dali.transmit(0b10101001, 0b00000000); //compare
			
			if (minResponseLevel() > dali.analogLevel) 
			{
				low_longadd = longadd;
			}
			else 
			{
				high_longadd = longadd;
			}
			
			longadd = (low_longadd + high_longadd) / 2; //center

			if (dali.msgMode) {
				Serial.print("BIN: ");
				Serial.print(longadd + 1, BIN);
				Serial.print(" ");
				Serial.print("DEC: ");
				Serial.print(longadd + 1, DEC);
				Serial.print(" ");
				Serial.print("HEX: ");
				Serial.print(longadd + 1, HEX);
				Serial.println();
			}
			else {
				Serial.println(longadd + 1);
			}
		} // second while


		if (high_longadd != 0xFFFFFF) 
		{
			splitAdd(longadd + 1, highbyte, middlebyte, lowbyte);
			dali.transmit(0b10110001, highbyte); //search HB
			delay(delaytime);
			dali.transmit(0b10110011, middlebyte); //search MB
			delay(delaytime);
			dali.transmit(0b10110101, lowbyte); //search LB
			delay(delaytime);
			dali.transmit(0b10110111, 1 + (short_add << 1)); //program short adress
			delay(delaytime);
			dali.transmit(0b10101011, 0b00000000); //withdraw
			delay(delaytime);
			dali.transmit(1 + (short_add << 1), ON_C);
			delay(1000);
			dali.transmit(1 + (short_add << 1), OFF_C);
			delay(delaytime);
			short_add++;

			if (dali.msgMode) {	
			Serial.println("Assigning a short address");
			}

			high_longadd = 0xFFFFFF;
			longadd = (low_longadd + high_longadd) / 2;

		}
		else {
			if (dali.msgMode) { 
				Serial.println("End"); 
			}
		}
	} // first while


	dali.transmit(0b10100001, 0b00000000);  //terminate
	dali.transmit(BROADCAST_C, ON_C);  //broadcast on
}


uint8_t Dali::receive() {


	
	unsigned long startFuncTime = 0;
	bool previousLogicLevel = 1;
	bool currentLogicLevel = 1;
	uint8_t arrLength = 20;
	int  timeArray[arrLength];
	int i = 0;
	int k = 0;
	bool logicLevelArray[arrLength];
	int response = 0;

	dali.getResponse = false;
	startFuncTime = micros();
	
	// add check for micros overlap here!!!

	while (micros() - startFuncTime < dali.daliTimeout and i < arrLength)
	{
		// geting response
		if (analogRead(dali.RxAnalogPin) > dali.analogLevel) {
			currentLogicLevel = 1;
		}
		else {
			currentLogicLevel = 0;
		}

		if (previousLogicLevel != currentLogicLevel) {
			timeArray[i] = micros() - startFuncTime;
			logicLevelArray[i] = currentLogicLevel;
			previousLogicLevel = currentLogicLevel;
			dali.getResponse = true;
			i++;

		}
	}

		
	
	arrLength = i;

	//decoding to manchester
	for (i = 0; i < arrLength - 1; i++) {
		if ((timeArray[i + 1] - timeArray[i]) > 0.75 * dali.period) {
			for (k = arrLength; k > i; k--) {
				timeArray[k] = timeArray[k - 1];
				logicLevelArray[k] = logicLevelArray[k - 1];
			}
			arrLength++;
			timeArray[i + 1] = (timeArray[i] + timeArray[i + 2]) / 2;
			logicLevelArray[i + 1] = logicLevelArray[i];
		}
	}





	k = 8;

	for (i = 1; i < arrLength; i++) {
		if (logicLevelArray[i] == 1) {
			if ((int)round((timeArray[i] - timeArray[0]) / (0.5 * dali.period)) & 1) {
				response = response + (1 << k);
			}
			k--;
		}
	}

	
	//remove start bit
	response = (uint8_t)response;
	
	return response;

}




	Dali dali;

Dali.h

Arduino
#ifndef dali_h
#define dali_h
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

//timer scaling factors for different transmission speeds
#define MAN_300 0
#define MAN_600 1
#define MAN_1200 2
#define MAN_2400 3
#define MAN_4800 4
#define MAN_9600 5
#define MAN_19200 6
#define MAN_38400 7

/*
Timer 2 in the ATMega328 and Timer 1 in a ATtiny85 is used to find the time between
each transition coming from the demodulation circuit.
Their setup is for sampling the input in regular intervals.
For practical reasons we use power of 2 timer prescaller for sampling, 
for best timing we use pulse lenght as integer multiple of sampling speed.
We chose to sample every 8 ticks, and pulse lenght of 48 ticks 
thats 6 samples per pulse, lower sampling rate (3) will not work well for 
innacurate clocks (like internal oscilator) higher sampling rate (12) will
cause too much overhead and will not work at higher transmission speeds.
This gives us 16000000Hz/48/256 = 1302 pulses per second (so it's not really 1200) 
At different transmission speeds or on different microcontroller frequencies, clock prescaller is adjusted 
to be compatible with those values. We allow about 50% clock speed difference both ways
allowing us to transmit even with up to 100% in clock speed difference
*/

// DALI coomands
#define BROADCAST_DP 0b11111110
#define BROADCAST_C 0b11111111
#define ON_DP 0b11111110
#define OFF_DP 0b00000000
#define ON_C 0b00000101
#define OFF_C 0b00000000
# define QUERY_STATUS 0b10010000
# define RESET 0b00100000


//setup timing for transmitter
#define HALF_BIT_INTERVAL 1666 





#if defined(ARDUINO) && ARDUINO >= 100
  #include "Arduino.h"
#else
  #include "WProgram.h"
  #include <pins_arduino.h>
#endif

class Dali
{
  public:
	Dali(); //the constructor
    void setTxPin(uint8_t pin); //set the arduino digital pin for transmit. 
    void setRxAnalogPin(uint8_t pin); //set the arduino digital pin for receive.
    void workAround1MhzTinyCore(uint8_t a = 1); //apply workaround for defect in tiny Core library for 1Mhz
    void setupTransmit(uint8_t pin); //set up transmission
	void setupAnalogReceive(uint8_t pin);
    void transmit(uint8_t cmd1, uint8_t cmd2); //transmit 16 bits of data
	void scanShortAdd(); //scan for short address
	void busTest(); // bus test
	void initialisation(); //initialization of new luminaries
	bool cmdCheck(String & input, int & cmd1, int & cmd2);
	uint8_t receive(); //get response

	int minResponseLevel(); 
	int maxResponseLevel();
    
    uint8_t speedFactor;
    uint16_t delay1;
    uint16_t delay2;
	uint16_t period;
	String errorMsg; //error message of last operation
	bool msgMode; //0 - get only response from dali bus to COM; 1 - response with text (comments)
	bool getResponse;
	uint8_t RxAnalogPin;

	long daliTimeout = 20000; //us, DALI response timeout
	int analogLevel = 870; //analog border level (less - "0"; more - "1")
	


    
  private:
	
	void sendByte(uint8_t b); //transmit 8 bits of data
	void sendBit(int b); //transmit 1 bit of data
	void sendZero(void); //transmit "0"
    void sendOne(void); //transmit "1"
   	void splitAdd(long input, uint8_t &highbyte, uint8_t &middlebyte, uint8_t &lowbyte); //split random address 
	
	
	int readBinaryString(char *s);

	uint8_t TxPin;
	
    uint8_t applyWorkAround1Mhz;
	uint8_t rxAnalogPin = 0;

};//end of class Dali

// Cant really do this as a real C++ class, since we need to have
// an ISR
extern "C"
{
    
    
   }

extern Dali dali;

#endif

DALI.zip

Arduino
No preview (download only).

DALI.ino

Arduino
#include <Dali.h>


const int DALI_TX = 3;
const int DALI_RX_A = 0;



#define BROADCAST_DP 0b11111110
#define BROADCAST_C 0b11111111
#define ON_DP 0b11111110
#define OFF_DP 0b00000000
#define ON_C 0b00000101
#define OFF_C 0b00000000
# define QUERY_STATUS 0b10010000
# define RESET 0b00100000

void setup() {

  Serial.begin(74880);
  dali.setupTransmit(DALI_TX);
  dali.setupAnalogReceive(DALI_RX_A);
  dali.busTest();
  dali.msgMode = true;
  Serial.println(dali.analogLevel);
  help(); //Show help

}


void help() {
  Serial.println("Enter 16 bit command or another command from list:");
  Serial.println("help -  command list");
  Serial.println("on -  broadcast on 100%");
  Serial.println("off -  broadcast off 0%");
  Serial.println("scan -  device short address scan");
  Serial.println("initialise -  start process of initialisation");
  Serial.println();
}


void sinus () {
  uint8_t lf_1_add = 0;
  uint8_t lf_2_add = 1;
  uint8_t lf_3_add = 2;
  uint8_t lf_1;
  uint8_t lf_2;
  uint8_t lf_3;
  int i;
  int j = 0;

  while (Serial.available() == 0) {
    for (i = 0; i < 360; i = i + 1) {

      if (Serial.available() != 0) {
        dali.transmit(BROADCAST_C, ON_C);
        break;
      }

      lf_1 = (int) abs(254 * sin(i * 3.14 / 180));
      lf_2 = (int) abs(254 * sin(i * 3.14 / 180 + 2 * 3.14 / 3));
      lf_3 = (int) abs(254 * sin(i * 3.14 / 180 + 1 * 3.14 / 3));
      dali.transmit(lf_1_add << 1, lf_1);
      delay(5);
      dali.transmit(lf_2_add << 1, lf_2);
      delay(5);
      dali.transmit(lf_3_add << 1, lf_3);
      delay(5);
      delay(20);
    }
  }
}


void loop() {

  const int delaytime = 500;
  int i;
  int cmd1;
  int cmd2;
  String comMsg;


  // Read command from port

  delay(delaytime);

  while (Serial.available()) {
    comMsg = comMsg + (char)(Serial.read());
  }; // read data from serial

  if (comMsg == "sinus") {
    sinus();
  };

  if (comMsg == "scan") {
    dali.scanShortAdd();
  }; // scan short addresses

  if (comMsg == "on") {
    dali.transmit(BROADCAST_C, ON_C);
  }; // broadcast, 100%

  if (comMsg == "off") {
    dali.transmit(BROADCAST_C, OFF_C);
  }; // broadcast, 0%

  if (comMsg == "initialise" or comMsg == "ini") {
    dali.initialisation();
  }; // initialisation

  if (comMsg == "help") {
    help();
  }; //help


  if (dali.cmdCheck(comMsg, cmd1, cmd2)) {
    dali.transmit(cmd1, cmd2);  // command in binary format: (address byte, command byte)
  }
  delay(delaytime);

};

keywords.txt

Arduino
	dali	KEYWORD1	setTxPin	KEYWORD2	setRxAnalogPin	KEYWORD2	workAround1MhzTinyCore	KEYWORD2	setupTransmit	KEYWORD2	setupAnalogReceive	KEYWORD2	transmit	KEYWORD2	scanShortAdd	KEYWORD2	busTest	KEYWORD2	initialisation	KEYWORD2	cmdCheck	KEYWORD2	minResponseLevel	KEYWORD2	maxResponseLevel	KEYWORD2

Credits

NabiyevTR

NabiyevTR

1 project • 27 followers

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