Published May 12, 2023

Secure Door Access Control and Email Alert System

The Secure Door Access Control and Email Alert System that aims to enhance the security of buildings or rooms by restricting access

AdvancedFull instructions provided6 hours411

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Raspberry Pi 3 Model B

SparkFun RFID Qwiic Kit

Raspberry Pi Camera Module

Jumper wires (generic)

Software apps and online services

Raspberry Pi Raspbian

Story

The system is about card access and mail alert and receive captured image of visitor at door as Email alert. Secure door access control and email alert system is used wide range in many companies and many college now a days. The design and development of secure door access system, based on the RFID card and the person detection, to check the visitor identity and to control Door accessibility has been reported in this paper. This paper describes about the implementation and development of RFID card accessibility in to the office environment for authentication people only who have the matched RFID card. A RFID reader and Camera module are used to identify the person and capture images respectively are dedicatedly make the security system alive as per the request. The proposed model uses controller interface system with Raspberry Pi which is used to operate the whole model it just act like a min CPU and also it is low cost and consume smaller amount of power. When visitor placed the RFID card at door, Camera module interfaced to Raspberry Pi capture images, and send it as Email alert as like the person entry is accepted or the person entry is denied.

PROPOSED SYSTEM

The proposed system is a smart door system that uses the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B microcomputer and several components including the PiCamera, RC522, and RFID tags. The system is designed to provide secure access to specific users while denying entry to unauthorized users. The RC522 module reads the RFID tags and compares them to a pre-defined list of valid tags. If the tag is valid, the system unlocks the door, and if the tag is invalid, the system denies entry. Additionally, when an authorized user presents their RFID tag, the system clicks an image of the user using the PiCamera, and the image is sent to the owner of the system for verification. The system is capable of storing multiple RFID tags, making it ideal for shared access applications such as offices, homes, and apartments. The system can be remotely accessed and managed using a mobile phone or laptop, allowing the owner to monitor and manage access to the door from anywhere in the world. The system provides a secure and convenient access control solution that is easy to install and operate. It ensures that only authorized individuals have access to the protected area and provides an added layer of security by capturing the image of the user for verification purposes.

Hardware Description

The hardware components used in this project include a Raspberry Pi 4 Model B single-board computer, a Pi Camera, an RC522 reader, RFID tags, and a servo motor.

The Raspberry Pi 4 Model B is a powerful single-board computer that features a Broadcom BCM2711 quad-core Cortex-A72 (ARM v8) 64-bit SoC running at 1.5GHz, 4GB of LPDDR4-3200 SDRAM, dual-band 802.11ac wireless, Bluetooth 5.0, Gigabit Ethernet, and two USB 3.0 ports. It also includes two micro-HDMI ports that support up to 4Kp60 resolution, as well as a 40-pin GPIO header for interfacing with external devices.

The Pi Camera is a high-quality camera module designed specifically for use with the Raspberry Pi. It features a Sony IMX219 8-megapixel sensor with a fixed-focus lens, and can capture 1080p video at 30 frames per second or 720p video at 60 frames per second.

The RC522 reader is an RFID reader/writer module that can operate at 13.56MHz frequency. It communicates with the Raspberry Pi through SPI interface and can read data from and write data to RFID tags.

The RFID tags are small electronic devices that store and transmit data using radio waves. They are used to identify and track objects or people in various applications, such as access control, inventory management, and payment systems.

The servo motor is a small motor that is controlled by sending electrical pulses to its control wire. It can rotate between 0 and 180 degrees and is often used in robotics and automation projects.

All of these hardware components are connected to the Raspberry Pi via its GPIO header. The Pi Camera is connected to the CSI interface, the RC522 reader is connected to the SPI interface, and the servo motor is connected to one of the GPIO pins. The RFID tags are placed within range of the RC522 reader to allow for data transfer.

Schematic

Software Description

This program has been developed using Python programming language and runs on a Raspberry Pi 4 Model B microcomputer. It has capability to run on various operating systems accepted by raspberry pi of any model. The software uses several libraries, including RPi.GPIO, time, SimpleMFRC522, smtplib, picamera, os, email.mime.image, and email.mime.multipart. The RPi.GPIO library is used for setting up and controlling the General-Purpose Input Output (GPIO) pins on the Raspberry Pi. The SimpleMFRC522 library is used for reading data from the RFID reader. The smtplib library is used for sending emails, while the picamera library is used for taking pictures. The email.mime.image and email.mime.multipart libraries are used for attaching the picture to the email message. The picamera module is installed into raspberry pi, which is used for taking live pictures and videos. The MFR522 module is used to establish SPI communication with the RC522 reader. For controlling servo motor, we just need to enable PWM pin and set a duty cycle for rotation. Smtp library is used for connecting our program with email server and MIMEimage and MIMEmultiport is used to set images as main content and send that content as a mail.

Flow Chart

Code

Secure Door Access Control and Email Alert System

# BY MANISH KUMAR YADAV

import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import time as t
from mfrc522 import SimpleMFRC522
import smtplib
import picamera
import os
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
GPIO.setwarnings(False)
GPIO.setup(12,GPIO.OUT)
# enabling PWM pin
pwm=GPIO.PWM(12,50)
pwm.start(0)
# fucntion to set angle to servo motor
def SetAngle(angle):
    duty = angle / 18 + 2
    GPIO.output(12, True)
    pwm.ChangeDutyCycle(duty)
    t.sleep(1)
    GPIO.output(12, False)
    pwm.ChangeDutyCycle(0)
# checks whether particular user has entry or not
def validation():
    valid = ["ID 1", "ID 2"]    #list of valid users
    if id in valid:
        print("Entry Accepted")
        SetAngle(180)  #rotate servo to open door
        t.sleep(2)
        SetAngle(0)  #rotate servo to close door
        return "Person Entry Accepted"
    else:
        print("Entry Denied")
        return "Person Entry Denied"
# function to enable stmp server and send mail
def email(message):
    # Define email credentials and recipient
    to_email = 'to_ email'
    password = 'password'
    from_email = 'from_email'
    # Take a picture with the Raspberry Pi camera module
    camera = picamera.PiCamera()
    camera.resolution = (640, 480)
    camera.capture('/home/pi/image.jpg') # location and format
    # Create the email message
    camera.close()
    msg = MIMEMultipart()
    msg['From'] = from_email
    msg['To'] = to_email
    msg['Subject'] = message
    #open the image saved in local system and attach it to email message
    with open('/home/pi/image.jpg', 'rb') as f:
        img = MIMEImage(f.read())
        msg.attach(img)
    # Send the email
    try:
        server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', 587)
        server.starttls()
        server.login(from_email, password)
        text = msg.as_string()
        server.sendmail(from_email, to_email, text)
        server.quit()
        print('Email sent successfully')
    except Exception as e:
        print('Something went wrong:', e)
# instantiating RFID module
reader = SimpleMFRC522()
while 1:
    print('Place Your Tag')
    id,text= reader.read()  #reads tag info
    m=validation()   #checks validation and gets message about access
    email(m)   #passes that received message as subject to email
    print("ID : ",id)
    print("Name : ",text)
    print('------------------')

Credits

Manish Kumar Yadav

11 projects • 12 followers

Highly skilled Electronics and Communication Engineer, adept Programmer, and creative PCB Designer.