Using Sparrow v3 for indoor and outdoor monitoring

Using Sparrow v3 and DeviceHub.net for indoor and outdoor wireless sensor node monitoring

IntermediateFull instructions provided4,006
Using Sparrow v3 for indoor and outdoor monitoring

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Sparrow Wireless Sensor Node
Link to store coming soon ...
×1
Raspberry Pi 2 Model B
Raspberry Pi 2 Model B
Raspberry Pi 1 would fit as well.
×1

Software apps and online services

Arduino IDE
Arduino IDE
DeviceHub Cloud Service - Standard package
DeviceHub.net DeviceHub Cloud Service - Standard package

Story

Read more

Code

Simple test program

C/C++
Blinks a led on Sparrow. Its purpose is to check that Sparrow support was correctly set in Arduino IDE.
#include <util/delay.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    // Serial needs interrupts.	
    sei();
 
    DDRB = (1<<PB5);
    PORTB = 0x00;
 
    // Print a message on the Serial interface
    Serial.begin(9600);
    Serial.println("Demo of how to use Serial and blink LEDs");
    Serial.end();
 
    // Make the LED blink
    while(1)
    {
      // Change the LED's state
      PORTB ^= (1<<PB5);
      // Wait 1 sec
      _delay_ms(1000);
    }
 
    return 0;
}

Arduino code - low power monitoring project.

C/C++
Common code for monitoring nodes and gateway node. Differentiation between these types of nodes is made starting from the node id.
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/sleep.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#define F_CPU 16000000UL
#include <util/delay.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "sht21.h"
 
#define _DEBUG_ 0
 
#define TRX_FRAME_BUFFER(index) (*(volatile uint8_t *)(0x180 + (index)))
 
// Modify these addresses accordingly before uploading the code on each node
uint8_t nod1_address __attribute__((section(".data"))) = 1;
uint8_t node_address __attribute__((section(".data"))) = 1;
 
short light, voltage;
float temp, humid;
byte seq = 0;
 
// Interrupt triggered when the Symbol Counter reaches to 0.
ISR(SCNT_CMP1_vect)
{
  //Do nothing
}
 
uint32_t symbol_threshold = 0x00000000;
void initializeSymbolCounter()
{
  // enable asynchronous mode, with external oscillator (32.768kHz in our case)
  ASSR |= _BV(AS2);
 
  SCOCR1HH = (symbol_threshold >> 24);
  SCOCR1HL = (symbol_threshold & 0x00ff0000) >> 16;
  SCOCR1LH = (symbol_threshold & 0x0000ff00) >>  8;
  SCOCR1LL = (symbol_threshold & 0x000000ff);
  SCCR0 = _BV(SCEN);
  SCCNTHH = 0x00;
  SCCNTHL = 0x00;
  SCCNTLH = 0x00;
  SCCNTLL = 0x00;
 
  while (SCSR & _BV(SCBSY));
  // enable compare match 1 IRQ
  SCIRQM = _BV(IRQMCP1);
}
 
void delaySymbolCounter(uint8_t seconds)
{
  symbol_threshold += (((uint32_t)seconds) * 62500);
 
  SCOCR1HH = (symbol_threshold >> 24);
  SCOCR1HL = (symbol_threshold & 0x00ff0000) >> 16;
  SCOCR1LH = (symbol_threshold & 0x0000ff00) >>  8;
  SCOCR1LL = (symbol_threshold & 0x000000ff);
 
  while (SCSR & _BV(SCBSY));
}
 
void setState(uint8_t state)
{
  TRX_STATE = CMD_FORCE_TRX_OFF;
  TRX_STATE = state;
  while (state != TRX_STATUS_struct.trx_status);
}
 
// send a short frame with: current node id and the values read from the sensors.
void sendFrame()
{
  setState(CMD_PLL_ON);
 
  TRX_FRAME_BUFFER(0) = 9;	//length - minimum length is 3
  TRX_FRAME_BUFFER(1) = node_address;
  TRX_FRAME_BUFFER(2) = seq++;
  TRX_FRAME_BUFFER(3) = (byte)temp;
  TRX_FRAME_BUFFER(4) = (byte)humid;
  TRX_FRAME_BUFFER(5) = (byte)light;
  TRX_FRAME_BUFFER(6) = (byte)voltage;
 
  // start transmission
  TRX_STATE = CMD_TX_START;
}
 
volatile byte receivedId = 0;
volatile byte receivedS;
volatile byte receivedT;
volatile byte receivedH;
volatile byte receivedL;
volatile byte receivedV;
 
// Interrupt triggered after detecting the end of a transmission
// Here we parse the received data
ISR(TRX24_RX_END_vect)
{
  receivedId = TRX_FRAME_BUFFER(0);
 
  PORTB ^= (1<<PB5);
 
  receivedS = TRX_FRAME_BUFFER(1);
  receivedT = TRX_FRAME_BUFFER(2);
  receivedH = TRX_FRAME_BUFFER(3);
  receivedL = TRX_FRAME_BUFFER(4);
  receivedV = TRX_FRAME_BUFFER(5);
 
  setState(CMD_RX_ON);
}
 
void rfInit(void)
{
  setState(CMD_TRX_OFF);
  IRQ_STATUS = 0xff;
  IRQ_MASK_struct.rx_end_en = 1;
}
 
int main(void)
{	
  sei();
 
  if (node_address == 0)
  {
    DDRB |= _BV(PD0);
    PORTB = 0x00;
  }
  else
  {
    DDRE = 0xff;
    PORTE = 0xff;
    PRR0 &= ~_BV(PRADC);
    initializeSymbolCounter();
  }
 
  rfInit();
 
  // Init UART for node 0 (the gateway)
  if (node_address == 0)
    Serial.begin(9600);
 
  while(1)
  {
    // Node 0 is the gateway
    if (node_address != 0)
    {
      // Set symbol counter for 1 second
      delaySymbolCounter(1);
 
      // Start sensors
      DDRE |= _BV(PE7);
      PORTE &= ~_BV(PE7);
 
      // No power reduction for ADC
      PRR0 &= ~_BV(PRADC);
 
      // Init twi
      twiInit();
 
      // Wait for sensor startup
      _delay_ms(10);
 
      // Read data from sht21 sensor (humid and temp)      
      uint16_t value16temp = SHTReadValue(0xE3);
      TWCR = 0;
      uint16_t value16humid = SHTReadValue(0xE5);
      TWCR = 0;
 
      // Turn sensors off
      DDRE &= ~_BV(PE7);
      PORTE &= ~_BV(PE7);
 
      // Adjust sht21 readed values
      temp = ((float)value16temp) / 374.23 - 46.85;
      humid = ((float) value16humid) / 524.288 - 6;
 
      // Read voltage value from PF0. For Atmega128RFA1 PF0 is an input for ADC0
      // Enable ADC and set ADC prescalar to 128 - 125KHz sample rate @ 16MHz
      ADCSRA = _BV(ADEN) | _BV(ADPS0) | _BV(ADPS2) | _BV(ADPS1); 
      // Left adjust ADC result to allow easy 8 bit reading and Set ADC reference to AVCC
      ADMUX = _BV(ADLAR) | _BV(REFS0);
      // Poll to see if AVDD has been powered-up.
      loop_until_bit_is_set(ADCSRB, AVDDOK);
      // Start the conversion
      ADCSRA |= _BV(ADSC);
      // Poll to see if A/D conversion is completed
      loop_until_bit_is_set(ADCSRA, ADIF);
      voltage = ADCH;
 
      // Read light value from PF2. For Atmega128RFA1 PF2 is an input for ADC2
      // Left adjust ADC result to allow easy 8 bit reading; Set ADC reference to AVCC; Select the input from ADC2
      ADMUX = _BV(ADLAR) | _BV(REFS0) | _BV(MUX1);
      // Poll to see if AVDD has been powered-up.
      loop_until_bit_is_set(ADCSRB, AVDDOK);
      // Start the conversion
      ADCSRA |= _BV(ADSC);
      // Poll to see if A/D conversion is completed
      loop_until_bit_is_set(ADCSRA, ADIF);
      light = ADCH;
 
      // TWI and ADC power reduction; reset ADCSRA
      ADCSRA = 0;
      PRR0 |= _BV(PRADC);
      PRR0 |= _BV(PRTWI);
 
#if _DEBUG_
      // Send data on the serial port. Useful for debugging non-gateway nodes
      // NOTE: I observed that you can't use a single Serial.begin, at the beggining of main function,
      // and reuse that Serial after waking up from sleep. Junk is printed on the serial in that case.
      // So I use a Serial.begin each time I want to print something and a Serial.end after I finished.
      Serial.begin(9600);
      Serial.print("humid, temp, light, voltage: ");
      Serial.print((byte)humid);
      Serial.print(", ");
      Serial.print((byte)temp);
      Serial.print(", ");
      Serial.print((byte)light);
      Serial.print(", ");
      Serial.println((byte)voltage);
      Serial.flush();
      Serial.end();
#endif
 
      // Wake transceiver; Send data through the transceiver to a listening gateway
      TRXPR &= ~_BV(SLPTR);
      sendFrame();
 
      // Wait for transmisson complete
      while(TRX_STATUS_struct.trx_status == BUSY_TX);
        _delay_us(100);
 
      // Put transceiver down
      setState(CMD_TRX_OFF);
      TRXPR = 1 << SLPTR;
 
      // Sleep and wait to be waken when the symbol counter interrupt is triggered
      set_sleep_mode(SLEEP_MODE_PWR_SAVE);
      sleep_enable();
      sleep_cpu();
      sleep_disable();
    }
    else
    {
      setState(CMD_RX_ON);
      // Do nothing while you have not received a new data package
      while (receivedId == 0) asm("nop");
 
      //send data on the serial port
      Serial.print(receivedId);
      Serial.print(":");
      Serial.print(TST_RX_LENGTH_struct.rx_length);
      Serial.print(":");
      Serial.print(receivedS);
      Serial.print(":");
      Serial.print(receivedT);
      Serial.print(":");
      Serial.print(receivedL);
      Serial.print(":");
      Serial.print(receivedH);
      Serial.print(":");
      Serial.println(receivedV);
 
      // Blink a Led, for debugging purposes
      PORTB ^= (1<<PB5);
 
      // Reset receivedId
      receivedId = 0;
    }
  }
}

Devicehub script.

Python
Running on the Raspberry Pi.
#!/usr/bin/env python
 
__author__ = 'Alex Marin'
import random
import time
from time import sleep
 
from devicehub.devicehub import Sensor, Actuator, Device, Project
 
import serial
 
ser = serial.Serial('COM8', 9600, timeout=36000)
 
PROJECT_ID = '2145'
DEVICE_UUID = '7cz06af3-4427-4085-aeb0-22weq30f268e'
API_KEY = '08a99870-4a47-4578-b290-4e49c4102e88'
 
project = Project(PROJECT_ID, persistent=False)
device = Device(project, DEVICE_UUID, API_KEY)
 
temp_s = Sensor(Sensor.ANALOG, 'temp')
light_s = Sensor(Sensor.ANALOG, 'light')
rh_s = Sensor(Sensor.ANALOG, 'rh')
battery_s = Sensor(Sensor.ANALOG, 'voltage')
 
device.addSensor(temp_s)
device.addSensor(light_s)
device.addSensor(rh_s)
device.addSensor(battery_s)
 
while 1:
	line = ser.readline()
 
	id_v = int(line.split(':')[0])
	temp_v = int(line.split(':')[3])
	light_v = int(line.split(':')[4])
	rh_v = int(line.split(':')[5])
	battery_v = int(line.split(':')[6])
 
	print "id:",id_v," temp:",temp_v," light:",light_v," rh:",rh_v," battery:",float(battery_v/71.0)
 
	temp_s.addValue(temp_v)
	light_s.addValue(light_v)
	rh_s.addValue(rh_v)
	battery_s.addValue(float(battery_v/71.0))
 
	device.send()

Credits

Marin Alexandru-Gabriel

Marin Alexandru-Gabriel

1 project • 5 followers
Dan Tudose

Dan Tudose

6 projects • 34 followers
Andrei Voinescu

Andrei Voinescu

1 project • 5 followers
PhD student on Wireless Sensor Networks, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest

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