Basketball scoring table

Detecting points scored or missed chances on the basketball court.

IntermediateFull instructions provided4 hours502
Basketball scoring table

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Nano 33 BLE Sense
Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense
×1
USB-A to Micro-USB Cable
USB-A to Micro-USB Cable
×1

Software apps and online services

Arduino IDE
Arduino IDE
MIT App Inventor
MIT App Inventor
Edge Impulse Studio
Edge Impulse Studio

Story

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Code

Arduino code

C/C++
This code is used to run the machine learning model and Bluetooth connectivity on Arduino Nano 33 BLE
/* Edge Impulse ingestion SDK
 * Copyright (c) 2022 EdgeImpulse Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 *
 */

/* Includes ---------------------------------------------------------------- */
#include <Kosarka_inferencing.h>
#include <Arduino_LSM9DS1.h> //Click here to get the library: http://librarymanager/All#Arduino_LSM9DS1

/* Constant defines -------------------------------------------------------- */
#define CONVERT_G_TO_MS2    9.80665f
#define MAX_ACCEPTED_RANGE  2.0f        // starting 03/2022, models are generated setting range to +-2, but this example use Arudino library which set range to +-4g. If you are using an older model, ignore this value and use 4.0f instead
#include <ArduinoBLE.h>                                                         

BLEDevice central;                                                              //             spremlja e je v bljiini naprava za povezavo
BLEService batteryService("180F");                                              
BLEUnsignedCharCharacteristic batteryLevelChar("2A19", BLERead | BLENotify);    

/*
 ** NOTE: If you run into TFLite arena allocation issue.
 **
 ** This may be due to may dynamic memory fragmentation.
 ** Try defining "-DEI_CLASSIFIER_ALLOCATION_STATIC" in boards.local.txt (create
 ** if it doesn't exist) and copy this file to
 ** `<ARDUINO_CORE_INSTALL_PATH>/arduino/hardware/<mbed_core>/<core_version>/`.
 **
 ** See
 ** (https://support.arduino.cc/hc/en-us/articles/360012076960-Where-are-the-installed-cores-located-)
 ** to find where Arduino installs cores on your machine.
 **
 ** If the problem persists then there's not enough memory for this model and application.
 */

/* Private variables ------------------------------------------------------- */
static bool debug_nn = false; // Set this to true to see e.g. features generated from the raw signal
static uint32_t run_inference_every_ms = 200;                                                           //V ORIGINALU PISALO 200
static rtos::Thread inference_thread(osPriorityLow);
static float buffer[EI_CLASSIFIER_DSP_INPUT_FRAME_SIZE] = { 0 };
static float inference_buffer[EI_CLASSIFIER_DSP_INPUT_FRAME_SIZE];
        int vrednost;
        int vrednost2=3;
/* Forward declaration */
void run_inference_background();

/**
* @brief      Arduino setup function
*/
void setup()
{
    // put your setup code here, to run once:
    Serial.begin(115200);
    // comment out the below line to cancel the wait for USB connection (needed for native USB)
    while (!Serial);
    Serial.println("Edge Impulse Inferencing Demo");

    if (!IMU.begin()) {
        ei_printf("Failed to initialize IMU!\r\n");
    }
    else {
        ei_printf("IMU initialized\r\n");
    }

    if (EI_CLASSIFIER_RAW_SAMPLES_PER_FRAME != 3) {
        ei_printf("ERR: EI_CLASSIFIER_RAW_SAMPLES_PER_FRAME should be equal to 3 (the 3 sensor axes)\n");
        return;
    }

    inference_thread.start(mbed::callback(&run_inference_background));

  // begin initialization
  if (!BLE.begin()) {                                          
    Serial.println("starting BLE failed!");                    

    while (1);                                                  
  }                                                            

  pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT); // initialize the built-in LED pin to indicate when a central is connected          

  BLE.setLocalName("Basketball");                                                             
  BLE.setAdvertisedService(batteryService); // add the service UUID                               
  batteryService.addCharacteristic(batteryLevelChar); // add the battery level characteristic     
  BLE.addService(batteryService); // Add the battery service                                      
  BLE.advertise();                                                                                

  Serial.println("Bluetooth device active, waiting for connections...");                         

  while (1){                                                                                      
  central=BLE.central();                                                                          
  if (central){                                                                                   
    Serial.print("Connected to central: ");                                                       
    Serial.println(central.address());                                                            
    digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);                                                              
    break;                                                                                        
  }
  }

}

/**
 * @brief Return the sign of the number
 * 
 * @param number 
 * @return int 1 if positive (or 0) -1 if negative
 */
float ei_get_sign(float number) {
    return (number >= 0.0) ? 1.0 : -1.0;
}

/**
 * @brief      Run inferencing in the background.
 */
void run_inference_background()
{
    // wait until we have a full buffer
    delay((EI_CLASSIFIER_INTERVAL_MS * EI_CLASSIFIER_RAW_SAMPLE_COUNT) + 100);

    // This is a structure that smoothens the output result
    // With the default settings 70% of readings should be the same before classifying.
    ei_classifier_smooth_t smooth;
    ei_classifier_smooth_init(&smooth, 10 /* no. of readings */, 7 /* min. readings the same */, 0.8 /* min. confidence */, 0.3 /* max anomaly */);     //ei_classifier_smooth_init(&smooth, 10 /* no. of readings */, 7 /* min. readings the same */, 0.8 /* min. confidence */, 0.3 /* max anomaly */); TO SO PRVI PARAMETRI
                                        //no. readings je vsota vseh tevilk v oglatih oklepajih ko ti izpisuje
    while (1) {
        // copy the buffer
        memcpy(inference_buffer, buffer, EI_CLASSIFIER_DSP_INPUT_FRAME_SIZE * sizeof(float));

        // Turn the raw buffer in a signal which we can the classify
        signal_t signal;
        int err = numpy::signal_from_buffer(inference_buffer, EI_CLASSIFIER_DSP_INPUT_FRAME_SIZE, &signal);
        if (err != 0) {
            ei_printf("Failed to create signal from buffer (%d)\n", err);
            return;
        }

        // Run the classifier
        ei_impulse_result_t result = { 0 };

        err = run_classifier(&signal, &result, debug_nn);
        if (err != EI_IMPULSE_OK) {
            ei_printf("ERR: Failed to run classifier (%d)\n", err);
            return;
        }

        // print the predictions
        ei_printf("Predictions ");
        ei_printf("(DSP: %d ms., Classification: %d ms., Anomaly: %d ms.)",
            result.timing.dsp, result.timing.classification, result.timing.anomaly);
        ei_printf(": ");

        // ei_classifier_smooth_update yields the predicted label
        const char *prediction = ei_classifier_smooth_update(&smooth, &result);
        ei_printf("%s ", prediction);
        // print the cumulative results
        ei_printf(" [ ");
        for (size_t ix = 0; ix < smooth.count_size; ix++) {
            ei_printf("%u", smooth.count[ix]);
            if (ix != smooth.count_size + 1) {
                ei_printf(", ");
            }
            else {
              ei_printf(" ");
            }
        }

        ei_printf("]\n");
        //if (central.connected()) batteryLevelChar.writeValue(prediction[0]);                    //NOVO cel celoten if stavek spodaj
        if(central.connected()){
        if (prediction[0] == 'S')    //Score
        {
          vrednost = 0;
        batteryLevelChar.writeValue(vrednost);
        //batteryLevelChar.writeValue('S');

        }
        else if (prediction[0] == 'M')     //Missed
        {
         vrednost = 1;
        batteryLevelChar.writeValue(vrednost);
        //batteryLevelChar.writeValue('M');
        }
        else if (prediction[0] == 'N')
        {
         vrednost = 2;
        batteryLevelChar.writeValue(vrednost);     //Nothing
        //batteryLevelChar.writeValue('N');
        }
        else
        {
        vrednost = 3;
        batteryLevelChar.writeValue(vrednost);    //Unknown
        //batteryLevelChar.writeValue('U');
        }
        
        //if (vrednost != vrednost2){
          //vrednost2 = vrednost;
          //batteryLevelChar.writeValue(vrednost2);
        //}                                                                                             // NOVO do tu
        
        }
       
        delay(run_inference_every_ms);
    }

    ei_classifier_smooth_free(&smooth);
}

/**
* @brief      Get data and run inferencing
*
* @param[in]  debug  Get debug info if true
*/
void loop()
{
    while (1) {
        // Determine the next tick (and then sleep later)
        uint64_t next_tick = micros() + (EI_CLASSIFIER_INTERVAL_MS * 1000);

        // roll the buffer -3 points so we can overwrite the last one
        numpy::roll(buffer, EI_CLASSIFIER_DSP_INPUT_FRAME_SIZE, -3);

        // read to the end of the buffer
        IMU.readAcceleration(
            buffer[EI_CLASSIFIER_DSP_INPUT_FRAME_SIZE - 3],
            buffer[EI_CLASSIFIER_DSP_INPUT_FRAME_SIZE - 2],
            buffer[EI_CLASSIFIER_DSP_INPUT_FRAME_SIZE - 1]
        );

        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            if (fabs(buffer[EI_CLASSIFIER_DSP_INPUT_FRAME_SIZE - 3 + i]) > MAX_ACCEPTED_RANGE) {
                buffer[EI_CLASSIFIER_DSP_INPUT_FRAME_SIZE - 3 + i] = ei_get_sign(buffer[EI_CLASSIFIER_DSP_INPUT_FRAME_SIZE - 3 + i]) * MAX_ACCEPTED_RANGE;
            }
        }

        buffer[EI_CLASSIFIER_DSP_INPUT_FRAME_SIZE - 3] *= CONVERT_G_TO_MS2;
        buffer[EI_CLASSIFIER_DSP_INPUT_FRAME_SIZE - 2] *= CONVERT_G_TO_MS2;
        buffer[EI_CLASSIFIER_DSP_INPUT_FRAME_SIZE - 1] *= CONVERT_G_TO_MS2;

        // and wait for next tick
        uint64_t time_to_wait = next_tick - micros();
        delay((int)floor((float)time_to_wait / 1000.0f));
        delayMicroseconds(time_to_wait % 1000);
    }
}

#if !defined(EI_CLASSIFIER_SENSOR) || EI_CLASSIFIER_SENSOR != EI_CLASSIFIER_SENSOR_ACCELEROMETER
#error "Invalid model for current sensor"
#endif

Credits

Stefanija Simovska

Stefanija Simovska

1 project • 1 follower
Gašper Prešern

Gašper Prešern

1 project • 1 follower
Aleksandar Valadžija

Aleksandar Valadžija

1 project • 0 followers
Rok Kekec

Rok Kekec

1 project • 0 followers
Luka Mali

Luka Mali

16 projects • 18 followers
Maker Pro, prototyping enthusiast, head of MakerLab, a lecturer at the University of Ljubljana, founder.

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