Published October 26, 2019 © GPL3+

Robotic Arm Plays Tic-Tac-Toe

Play tic-tac-toe against a robotic arm.

AdvancedWork in progress6,889

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Arduino Due

It is not necessary this board, you can also use Arduino Uno

RGB LCD Shield Kit, 16x2 Character Display

MG966R Servo

Remote Control IR 38 Khz and receiver HX1838

Robotic Arm 6dof model ROT3U

Jumper wires (generic)

PCA9685 16 Canali 12 bit Modulo I2C Driver di Motore Servo PWM per Robot Arduino

Story

I wanted to create a robotic arm which could move in an harmonic way and in this project, I have used it to play to tic-tac-toe.

The robotic arm is controlled by Arduino Due (but you can use any Arduino board, even Arduino Uno)

I use as input a IR remote controller in order to choose both who starts (Arduino or player) and where you put your pawn. I used the minimax algorithm of pietrotofy.it, because I was focused on controlling the movement of the 6DOF arm.

Here's how I built it...

STEP ONE: Assembly

I calibrated the 6 MG966R servos, because every servo has a different pulse width for 0 degrees and 180 degrees. Then i assembled the kit ROTU3 with the 6 servo and i created a simple code for controlling and testing the arm, in which i could move only one servo by one.

STEP TWO: Simulation

Moving the servo one by one was boring and the arm was difficult to control, so i thougth it would have been better sending to Arduino the three cordinates (x,y,z), and changing these, it would have calculated the angle of all the 6 servos.

In order to do this, I created a 3D simulation on GeoGebra and with a bit of trigonometry I these were the results

Geogebra Simulation ( file in code section)

Geogebra Simulation

Then I have implemented the code on Arduino ( with the right regulations ). Now, changing only three parameters (x,y,z) I could control the arm in an easy and intuitive way.

STEP THREE: Geometric calculation

In this paragrafh I'll show you how Arduino find the the angle of all the servos on the base of the three coordinates (x,y,z).

We know that:

‘A’ is the origin of our Cartesian sistem, so it has cordinates of 0,0,0..

‘D’ is the point that we have to reach;

AB,BC,CD (humerus,ulna,gripper) are the lengths of each arm segments.

We want to know the angle in A,B,C.

Firstly we calculate AD with Pythagorean theorem ( I prefer that the point z = 0, is on the ground, so I put z = z-BaseHeight; however this doesn't change anything for user ).

Secondly, we make assumption that angle B and C are the same and to simplify our calculation we add the point ‘E’. The triangle BCE is isosceles, so BE = CE. This triangle can be divided in two right triangle, so:

We know all the angle, so we can send the angle with opporune regulation to the servos (in my case adding or subtracting 90° due to MY arm's frame). Now we can control our arm. Well yes, but there are some problems when

'z' or 'y' are negative; nothing have been changing since when they are positive

If the coordinates are too big or too small it simply goes crazy.

The last problem is easier to correct, we have to add some limitation ( I have called them checkmin and checkmax) but to calculate them, we have to found where the calculation can give impossible result. The problem is in alfa, infact we have a square root, so we put everything is under that greater than zero (checkmin); moreover the function 'arrcos' accept valor from -1 to 1, so we set this limit (checkmax).

If we want that it reaches also negative 'z', we simply give at the second servo non gamma+omega, but gamma-omega.

Instead if we want that the arm goes to negative 'y', we gave to all the servos 180-the angle we should have given to them.

STEP FOUR: Improvements

After the first tries, I noticed that the arm movement were too fast, and therefore it was not nice to look and sometimes it crashed into something. So I written a function ( MyServoWriteGradual() ), where if the variation of servo position is too big, this function move the servos all togheter in a period of time which depends on the variation of the biggest position. (for example if a servo has to move of 50 degrees, the servo will arrive in position after 500 milliseconds, if it has to move of 100, it will arrive in 1000 millisecond).

STEP FOUR: Starting play tic-tac-toe

After that I adapted the code of pierotofy.it to my needs, I implemented it on arduino.

Code

#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_PWMServoDriver.h>
#include <IRremote2.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

/* ---------- TRIS VARIABLE ---------- */
#define INT_MIN  -2147483648
#define INT_MAX  +2147483647
char Tris[3][3];
int TrisPos[3][3][4] =   {{{-55,280,70,105},{0,280,60,90},{65,280,70,75}}, //x,y,z,x5    {0,0},{0,1},{0,2}
                          {{-60,210,50,110},{0,215,50,90},{60,220,50,70}}, //            {1,0},{1,1},{1,2}
                          {{-65,150,45,115},{0,155,45,90},{55,160,45,65}}  //            {2,0},{2,1},{2,2}
                         };
int TakePos[6][4] = {{20,-140,40,100},{15,-205,60,95},{10,-240,90,90},{-75,-230,80,75},{-70,-175,70,70},{-65,-120,50,65}};
int pawn=0;
int choice;

/* ---------- IR VARIABLE ---------- */
// RECV_PIN = 52;
IRrecv irrecv(52);
decode_results results;

/* ---------- LIQUIDCRYSTAL VARIABLE ---------- */
// pin lcd: rs = 8, en = 9, d4 = 4, d5 = 5, d6 = 6, d7 = 7;
LiquidCrystal lcd(8, 9, 4, 5, 6, 7);

/* ---------- ROBOTIC ARM VARIABLE ---------- */
Adafruit_PWMServoDriver pwm = Adafruit_PWMServoDriver();
#define BASE_HGT 115 //base height
/*#define HUMERUS  105   shoulder-to-elbow "bone"
  #define ULNA     100   elbow-to-wrist    "bone"
  #define GRIPPER  170   wrist-to-gripper  "bone"   */
#define SERVO1  1
#define SERVO2  2
#define SERVO3  3
#define SERVO4  4
#define SERVO5  5
#define SERVO6  6

#define SERVOMIN1  130
#define SERVOMAX1  430
#define SERVOMIN2  120
#define SERVOMAX2  365
#define SERVOMIN3  150
#define SERVOMAX3  430
#define SERVOMIN4  130
#define SERVOMAX4  435
#define SERVOMIN5  100
#define SERVOMAX5  380
#define SERVOMIN6  200
#define SERVOMAX6  325
unsigned int ServoMinMax[6][2] = {{SERVOMIN1,SERVOMAX1},
                                  {SERVOMIN2,SERVOMAX2},
                                  {SERVOMIN3,SERVOMAX3},
                                  {SERVOMIN4,SERVOMAX4},
                                  {SERVOMIN5,SERVOMAX5},
                                  {SERVOMIN6,SERVOMAX6}};

float x1,x2,x3,x4,x5,x6 = 90;                          // servo position
float oldx1,oldx2,oldx3,oldx4,oldx5,oldx6 = x1;        // old servo position

float xaxis =   0;
float yaxis = 150;
float zaxis = 100;

bool checkmin = true;
bool checkmax = true;

/* ---------- setup ---------- */
void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  randomSeed(analogRead(A0));
  lcd.begin(16, 2);
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.print(">>> T R I S <<<");
  lcd.setCursor(0,1);
  lcd.print("   by Danny003");
  delay(2000);
  pwm.begin();
  pwm.setPWMFreq(50);
  MyServoWrite(SERVO2,90);
  delay(1000);
  Set_Arm(xaxis,yaxis,zaxis);
  irrecv.enableIRIn();
}

/* ---------- loop ---------- */
void loop() {
  choice = 0;
  for(int i=0;i<3;i++) {
    for(int j=0;j<3;j++) { Tris[i][j]=' '; }
  }
  pawn = 0;  
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.print("Choose Who Start");
  lcd.setCursor(0,1);
  lcd.print("CH-=Comp CH+=You");
  choice=Read_RC();  
  while(choice==10 )  {
   Computer_Move();
    if(Check_Win('O')) {
      Show_Win(Check_Win('O'));
      Set_Arm( xaxis = 0.0, yaxis = 130.0 , zaxis = 200.0 );
      lcd.clear();
      lcd.print("    Computer  ");
      lcd.setCursor(0,1);
      lcd.print("    W I N S   ");
      delay(2000);
      break;
    }
    if(End_Game()) {
      lcd.clear();
      lcd.print("  Nobody wins ");
      lcd.setCursor(0,1);
      lcd.print("    F L A P   ");
      delay(2000);
      break;
    }
    Player_Move();
    if(Check_Win('X')) {
      lcd.clear();
      lcd.print("    Player  ");
      lcd.setCursor(0,1);
      lcd.print("    W I N S   ");
      delay(2000);
      break;
    }
    if(End_Game()) {
      lcd.clear();
      lcd.print("  Nobody wins ");
      lcd.setCursor(0,1);
      lcd.print("    F L A P   ");
      delay(2000);
      break;
    }
  }
  while(choice==11)  {
    Player_Move();
    if(Check_Win('X')) {
      lcd.clear();
      lcd.print("    Player  ");
      lcd.setCursor(0,1);
      lcd.print("    W I N S   ");
      delay(2000);
      break;
    }
    if(End_Game()) {
      lcd.clear();
      lcd.print("  Nobody wins ");
      lcd.setCursor(0,1);
      lcd.print("    F L A P   ");
      delay(2000);
      break;
    }
   Computer_Move();
    if(Check_Win('O')) {
      Show_Win(Check_Win('O'));
      Set_Arm( xaxis = 0.0, yaxis = 130.0 , zaxis = 200.0 );
      lcd.clear();
      lcd.print("    Computer  "); 
      lcd.setCursor(0,1);
      lcd.print("    W I N S   ");
      delay(2000);
      break;
    }    
    if(End_Game()) {
      lcd.clear();
      lcd.print("  Nobody wins ");
      lcd.setCursor(0,1);
      lcd.print("    F L A P   ");
      delay(2000);
      break;
    }
  }
  Tidy();
}


/* -------------------- ROBOTIC ARM FUNCTION -------------------- */

/* ---------- MyServoWrite ---------- */
/* This funciont is used to move a singular servo*/
void MyServoWrite(int servo, float gradi) {
     pwm.setPWM( servo, 0, MapNew(gradi, 0.0, 180.0, ServoMinMax[servo-1][0], ServoMinMax[servo-1][1] ));
}

/* ---------- MyServoWriteAll ---------- */
/* This funciont is used to move the first 4 servo, it has been created to avoid to repeat the funciont MyServoWrite 4 times */
void MyServoWriteAll(float y1,float y2,float y3,float y4) {
  pwm.setPWM( SERVO1, 0, MapNew(y1, 0.0, 180.0, ServoMinMax[SERVO1-1][0], ServoMinMax[SERVO1-1][1] ));
  pwm.setPWM( SERVO2, 0, MapNew(y2, 0.0, 180.0, ServoMinMax[SERVO2-1][0], ServoMinMax[SERVO2-1][1] ));
  pwm.setPWM( SERVO3, 0, MapNew(y3, 0.0, 180.0, ServoMinMax[SERVO3-1][0], ServoMinMax[SERVO3-1][1] ));
  pwm.setPWM( SERVO4, 0, MapNew(y4, 0.0, 180.0, ServoMinMax[SERVO4-1][0], ServoMinMax[SERVO4-1][1] ));
}

/* ---------- MyServoWriteGradual ---------- */
/*This function is similar to MyServoWriteAll; but to avoid too rapid movement, 
 in particular when the robotic arm goes from a position to another one,this function creates 
 a smooth and simultaneous movement of the 4 servo, whose time depends on the variation of the bigger angle*/
void MyServoWriteGradual( float newpos1, float newpos2, float newpos3, float newpos4 ) {
  float oldpos1 = oldx1;
  float oldpos2 = oldx2;
  float oldpos3 = oldx3;
  float oldpos4 = oldx4;
  float differ1 = newpos1 - oldpos1;
  float differ2 = newpos2 - oldpos2;
  float differ3 = newpos3 - oldpos3;
  float differ4 = newpos4 - oldpos4;
  float largest = max(abs(differ1),max(abs(differ2), max(abs(differ3),abs(differ4))));
  for ( int i = 0; i <= largest; i++ ) {
     oldpos1 += (differ1/largest);
     oldpos2 += (differ2/largest);
     oldpos3 += (differ3/largest);
     oldpos4 += (differ4/largest);
     MyServoWriteAll(oldpos1,oldpos2,oldpos3,oldpos4);
     delay(10);       
  } 
  MyServoWriteAll(newpos1,newpos2,newpos3,newpos4);
} 
 
/* ---------- Set_Arm ---------- */
/* This function is the most important for the movement of the robotic arm, 
   because it calculates the postions of the first 4 servo from the three coordinates x,y,z(taken from TakePos and TrisPos).
   The following code is specific to the configuration of MY robotic arm, so if you want to use it, you have to adapt it to your arm.*/
void Set_Arm( float x, float y, float z) {
  oldx1 = x1;
  oldx2 = x2;
  oldx3 = x3;
  oldx4 = x4;
  z=z-BASE_HGT;
  float dist_y_z = sqrt( sq(z) +  sq(x) + sq(y) ); 
  if ( dist_y_z < 120.0 ) { checkmin=false; } 
    else { checkmin=true; }
  if ( dist_y_z > 370.0 ) { checkmax=false; } 
    else { checkmax=true; }
  if ( checkmin && checkmax ) {
    float alfa = 180.0-(degrees(acos((-27500 + sqrt( sq(27500) - 71400*(14225 - sq(dist_y_z))))/71400)));
    float gamma = degrees(acos((27875 -sq(dist_y_z) - (34000*cos(radians(alfa))))/(-210*dist_y_z)));
    float omega = degrees(acos(sqrt(sq(x)+sq(y))/dist_y_z));
    x1 = 90.0-degrees(atan2(-x,abs(y)));
    if ( z > 0.0 ) { x2=180.0-(gamma+omega); }
      else { x2=180.0-(gamma-omega); }  
    if ( y < 0.0) { x3=x4=(alfa-90.0); }
      else {
        x3=x4=(270.0-alfa);
        x2=180.0-x2;
        x1=180.0-x1;
      }
    if ((abs(oldx1-x1)+abs(oldx2-x2)+abs(oldx3-x3)+abs(oldx4-x4)) > 20.0) { MyServoWriteGradual(x1,x2,x3,x4); }
      else { MyServoWriteAll(x1,x2,x3,x4); }
  } 
}

/* ---------- Reach_Position ---------- */
/*Through this function, the Robotic Arm grabs a pawn  from a position and it leaves the pawn in another position  */
void Reach_Position ( float fromx, float fromy, float fromz, float fromangle, float tox, float toy, float toz, float toangle ) {
  Set_Arm( fromx, fromy, fromz+50 );
  delay(300);
  MyServoWrite( SERVO6, 0 );
  MyServoWrite( SERVO5, fromangle );
  delay(1000);
  Set_Arm( fromx, fromy, fromz );
  delay(300);
  MyServoWrite( SERVO6, 130 );
  delay(500);
  Set_Arm( fromx, fromy, fromz + 100 );
  delay(500);
  Set_Arm( tox, toy, toz+150);
  delay(1000);
  MyServoWrite( SERVO5, toangle );
  delay(300);
  Set_Arm( tox, toy, toz );
  delay(300);
  MyServoWrite( SERVO6, 0 );
  delay(1000);
  Set_Arm( xaxis = 0.0, yaxis = 130.0 , zaxis = 200.0 );
  MyServoWrite( SERVO5, 90 );
  }

/* ---------- MapNew ---------- */
/*This function has been created because the Arduino map() has not the funciont  constrain() and it does not return a int value */
int MapNew( float x, float in_min, float in_max, float out_min, float out_max ) {
   return round((constrain(x,in_min,in_max) - in_min) * (out_max - out_min) / (in_max - in_min) + out_min);
}
 
/* ---------- Show_Win ---------- */
/*Through this function, if computer wins, the Robotic Arm moves over the tris to show to the player that it have just won */ 
void Show_Win(int triscase) {
  MyServoWrite(SERVO6,150);
  switch(triscase){
    case 1:
      Set_Arm( TrisPos[0][0][0],TrisPos[0][0][1],TrisPos[0][0][2]+100);
      Set_Arm( TrisPos[2][2][0],TrisPos[2][2][1],TrisPos[2][2][2]+100);
      break ;
    case 2:
      Set_Arm( TrisPos[2][0][0],TrisPos[2][0][1],TrisPos[2][0][2]+100);
      Set_Arm( TrisPos[0][2][0],TrisPos[0][2][1],TrisPos[0][2][2]+100);
      break ;
    case 3:
      Set_Arm( TrisPos[0][0][0],TrisPos[0][0][1],TrisPos[0][0][2]+100);
      Set_Arm( TrisPos[0][2][0],TrisPos[0][2][1],TrisPos[0][2][2]+100);
      break ;
    case 4:
      Set_Arm( TrisPos[1][0][0],TrisPos[1][0][1],TrisPos[1][0][2]+100);
      Set_Arm( TrisPos[1][2][0],TrisPos[1][2][1],TrisPos[1][2][2]+100);
      break ;
    case 5:
      Set_Arm( TrisPos[2][0][0],TrisPos[2][0][1],TrisPos[2][0][2]+100);
      Set_Arm( TrisPos[2][2][0],TrisPos[2][2][1],TrisPos[2][2][2]+100);
      break ;
    case 6:
      Set_Arm( TrisPos[0][0][0],TrisPos[0][0][1],TrisPos[0][0][2]+100);
      Set_Arm( TrisPos[2][0][0],TrisPos[2][0][1],TrisPos[2][0][2]+100);
      break ;
    case 7:
      Set_Arm( TrisPos[0][1][0],TrisPos[0][1][1],TrisPos[0][1][2]+100);
      Set_Arm( TrisPos[2][1][0],TrisPos[2][1][1],TrisPos[2][1][2]+100);
      break ;
    case 8:
      Set_Arm( TrisPos[0][2][0],TrisPos[0][2][1],TrisPos[0][2][2]+100);
      Set_Arm( TrisPos[2][2][0],TrisPos[2][2][1],TrisPos[2][2][2]+100);
      break ;
      
  }
  MyServoWrite(SERVO6,0);
}


/* -------------------- TIC TAC TOE FUNCTION -------------------- */
//The following functions are taken from : http://www.pierotofy.it/pages/sorgenti/browse/17648/3447/ 

/* ---------- Possible ---------- */
/*This function check if position i,j is free. */
bool Possible(int i, int j) { return Tris[i][j]==' '; }

/* ---------- End_Game ---------- */
/*This function check if all position are occupied by a pawn. */
bool End_Game(){
  for(int i=0;i<3;i++) {
    for(int j=0;j<3;j++) {
      if(Possible(i,j)){return false;}
    }
  }
  return true;
} 

/* ---------- Check_Win ---------- */
/*This function check all the 8 possible combinations to win at tris. */
int Check_Win(char wnr) {
  int returnvalue=0;
  if(Tris[0][0]==wnr&&Tris[1][1]==wnr&&Tris[2][2]==wnr) {returnvalue = 1;}
  if(Tris[2][0]==wnr&&Tris[1][1]==wnr&&Tris[0][2]==wnr) {returnvalue = 2;}
  if(Tris[0][0]==wnr&&Tris[0][1]==wnr&&Tris[0][2]==wnr) {returnvalue = 3;}
  if(Tris[1][0]==wnr&&Tris[1][1]==wnr&&Tris[1][2]==wnr) {returnvalue = 4;}
  if(Tris[2][0]==wnr&&Tris[2][1]==wnr&&Tris[2][2]==wnr) {returnvalue = 5;}
  if(Tris[0][0]==wnr&&Tris[1][0]==wnr&&Tris[2][0]==wnr) {returnvalue = 6;}
  if(Tris[0][1]==wnr&&Tris[1][1]==wnr&&Tris[2][1]==wnr) {returnvalue = 7;}
  if(Tris[0][2]==wnr&&Tris[1][2]==wnr&&Tris[2][2]==wnr) {returnvalue = 8;}
  return returnvalue;
}

/* ---------- Computer_Move ---------- */
/* This function consider which position is better and move the robotic arm  */
void Computer_Move() {
  long maxvalue=INT_MIN,mi=1,mj=1,t;
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.print(" I Am Thinking");
  lcd.setCursor(0,1);
  lcd.print("    Wait");
  if( choice == 10 && pawn == 0 ) {
    mi = int(random(0,3));
    mj = int(random(0,3));
  }
  else {  
    for(int i=0;i<3;i++) {
      for(int j=0;j<3;j++) {
        if(Possible(i,j)) {
          Tris[i][j]='O';
          t=Consider_Move('X', 20);
          if(t>maxvalue) {
            maxvalue=t;
            mi=i;
            mj=j;
          }
          Tris[i][j]=' ';
        }
      }
    } 
  }      
  Tris[mi][mj]='O';
  Reach_Position(TakePos[pawn][0],TakePos[pawn][1],TakePos[pawn][2],TakePos[pawn][3],TrisPos[mi][mj][0],TrisPos[mi][mj][1],TrisPos[mi][mj][2],TrisPos[mi][mj][3]);
  pawn++;
}

/* ---------- Consider_Move ---------- */
/* This function uses minimax algoritm */
long Consider_Move(char wnr, int deep) {
  int i, j, res, tmp;
  if(Check_Win('O')) { return INT_MAX; }
  if(End_Game())     { return 0; }
  if(wnr=='X') {
    res=1;
    for(i=0;i<3;i++) {
      for(j=0;j<3;j++) {
        if(Possible(i,j)) {
          Tris[i][j]='X';
          if(Check_Win('X'))  {
            if(deep==20) {
              Tris[i][j]=' ';
              return INT_MIN;
            }
            else {res-=2;}
          }
          else if((tmp=Consider_Move('O', deep - 1))<res) { res=tmp; }
          Tris[i][j]=' ';
        } 
      }
    }  
  }
  else {
    res=-1;
    for(i=0;i<3;i++) {
      for(j=0;j<3;j++) {
        if(Possible(i,j)) {
          Tris[i][j]='O';
          if(Check_Win('O')) {res+=2;}
          else if((tmp=Consider_Move('X', deep - 1))>res) {res=tmp;}
          Tris[i][j]=' ';
        }
      }
    }
  }
  return res;
}

/* ---------- Player_Move ---------- */
/* This function, depending on which button you pressed, update the position of your pawns */
void Player_Move() {
  int i=0;
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.print("  Insert your   ");
  lcd.setCursor(0,1);
  lcd.print("    M O V E     ");
  do {
    i=Read_RC();
    if      ((i==9)&&Possible(0,0)) { Tris[0][0]='X'; } 
    else if ((i==8)&&Possible(0,1)) { Tris[0][1]='X'; }   
    else if ((i==7)&&Possible(0,2)) { Tris[0][2]='X'; }  
    else if ((i==6)&&Possible(1,0)) { Tris[1][0]='X'; }  
    else if ((i==5)&&Possible(1,1)) { Tris[1][1]='X'; }  
    else if ((i==4)&&Possible(1,2)) { Tris[1][2]='X'; }  
    else if ((i==3)&&Possible(2,0)) { Tris[2][0]='X'; }  
    else if ((i==2)&&Possible(2,1)) { Tris[2][1]='X'; } 
    else if ((i==1)&&Possible(2,2)) { Tris[2][2]='X'; }   
    else {
      i=0;
      lcd.clear();
      lcd.print(" I N V A L I D  ");
      lcd.setCursor(0,1);
      lcd.print("    M O V E     ");}
  }while(i<1||i>9); 
}

/* ---------- Read_RC ---------- */
/* This function read the button you pressed  */
int Read_RC(){
  int returnvalue=99;
  while (returnvalue==99){
    while (!irrecv.decode(&results)) {};
    switch(results.value){
      case 0xFFA25D: // CH-
      returnvalue=10;
      break;
      case 0xFFE21D: //CH+
      returnvalue=11;
      break;
      case 0xFF30CF: // 1
      returnvalue=1;
      break ;
      case 0xFF18E7: // 2
      returnvalue=2;
      break ;
      case 0xFF7A85: // 3
      returnvalue=3;
      break ;
      case 0xFF10EF: // 4
      returnvalue=4;
      break ;
      case 0xFF38C7: // 5
      returnvalue=5;
      break ;
      case 0xFF5AA5: // 6
      returnvalue=6;
      break ;
      case 0xFF42BD: // 7
      returnvalue=7;
      break ;
      case 0xFF4AB5: // 8
      returnvalue=8;
      break ;
      case 0xFF52AD: // 9
      returnvalue=9;
      break ;      
    }
    irrecv.resume();      
  }
  return returnvalue;
}

/* ---------- Tidy ---------- */
/*Through this function, the Robotic Arm tidies the pawns so they are in position for the next game */
void Tidy() {
  for(int i=0;i<3;i++) {
    for(int j=0;j<3;j++) { 
      if(Tris[i][j]=='O') { pawn--;
        Reach_Position(TrisPos[i][j][0],TrisPos[i][j][1],TrisPos[i][j][2],TrisPos[i][j][3],TakePos[pawn][0],TakePos[pawn][1],TakePos[pawn][2]+10,TakePos[pawn][3]); } 
    }
  }
}

Credits

DANNY003

1 project • 23 followers

Robotic Arm Plays Tic-Tac-Toe

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Story

STEP ONE: Assembly

STEP TWO: Simulation

STEP THREE: Geometric calculation

STEP FOUR: Improvements

Schematics

Basic wired

Basic wired

Code

Robotic arm code

GeoGebra Simulation

Credits

DANNY003

Comments

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Robotic Arm Plays Tic-Tac-Toe

Robotic Arm Plays Tic-Tac-Toe

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Story

STEP ONE: Assembly

STEP TWO: Simulation

STEP THREE: Geometric calculation

STEP FOUR: Improvements

Schematics

Basic wired

Basic wired

Code

Robotic arm code

GeoGebra Simulation

Credits

DANNY003

Comments

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